Table 5.

Results from analyses of parent-of-origin (POO) HLA effects and non-inherited maternal HLA (NIMA) effects (non-transmitted maternal vs. paternal alleles) in type 1 diabetes families

		Maternal vs. paternal
		Transmitted			Non-transmitted
HLA locus	Sample	χ2	d.f.	p	χ2	d.f.	p
A	Overall*	7.9	18	0.98	18.3	18	0.44
	Male†	12.4	17	0.77	17.8	17	0.40
	Female‡	15.1	18	0.66	17.0	18	0.53
Cw	Overall	23.4	21	0.32	22.1	21	0.39
	Male	41.2	21	0.01	20.1	21	0.51
	Female	7.1	20	1.00	15.7	20	0.73
B	Overall	30.8	36	0.71	42.1	36	0.23
	Male	46.6	36	0.11	41.9	36	0.23
	Female	29.8	33	0.63	36.2	33	0.32
DRB	Overall	39.6	32	0.17	36.4	32	0.27
	Male	33.9	31	0.33	19.6	31	0.94
	Female	29.3	32	0.60	45.9	32	0.05
DQA	Overall	14.7	8	0.07	5.8	8	0.66
	Male	13.2	7	0.07	2.2	7	0.95
	Female	5.9	8	0.66	9.8	8	0.28
DQB	Overall	20.3	11	0.04	6.9	11	0.81
	Male	18.1	11	0.08	2.7	11	0.99
	Female	14.8	11	0.19	11.6	11	0.39
DPA	Overall	14.9	7	0.04	6.2	7	0.52
	Male	7.5	7	0.38	7.1	7	0.42
	Female	12.1	6	0.06	4.7	6	0.58
DPB	Overall	26.3	31	0.71	24.7	31	0.78
	Male	15.4	27	0.96	18.5	27	0.89
	Female	25.3	31	0.75	23.1	31	0.85

HLA, human leucocyte antigen.

^*The overall sample (n = 1780) compares maternal vs. paternal transmitted or non-transmitted alleles using one affected offspring per family.

^†The male sample (n = 1376) compares maternal vs. paternal transmitted or non-transmitted alleles using one affected male offspring per family.

^‡The female sample (n = 1291) compares maternal vs. paternal transmitted or non-transmitted alleles using one affected female offspring per family.