| Increase in population census |
Increase in health-service demand; need for culturally and linguistically appropriate services |
Healthy migrant populations from donor country programmes; cultural and linguistic diversity planning
Immigration selection criteria; medical screening for inclusion or exclusion; removal and deportation policies; management of diaspora remittances |
| Shift in host population demographics (age, gender, fecundity) |
Health services planning and infrastructure maintenance for shift in population biometrics |
Pre-arrival health interventions: nutrition, early medical interventions, maternal-child disease prevention, chronic-disease assessments and management |
| Different health determinants and outcomes |
Health professional education, training and recruitment; improving diagnostic services |
Targeted screening for medical or surgical intervention for prevention and health promotion
Foreign investment in development for social, economic, and health infrastructure parity |
| Public health demands due to differential risk of transmissible diseases |
Public health programmes for health promotion, health protection and disease prevention |
Pre-arrival targeted screening for early intervention, behaviour modification and disease prevention |
