TABLE 1.

Descriptive and Bivariate Statistics of Child Maltreatment, Maternal Risk Factors, and Demographic Characteristics, by Intimate Partner Aggression and Violence: Fragile Families and Child Well-Being Study, 2001–2004

	Total (N = 2508)	No IPV (n = 1510)	IPV (n = 998)
Child maltreatment proxy variables
Psychological aggression,*** past year frequency (SD)	25 (19.6)	24 (19.0)	28 (20.1)
Physical aggression,** past year frequency (SD)	17 (18.2)	16 (18.3)	18 (18.1)
Spanking,*** past month, %
None	45	50	39
1 or 2 times	28	26	31
> 2 times	27	24	30
Neglect, past year,*** %
None	88	91	85
1–3 times	6	4	7
> 3 times	5	3	7
Maternal risk factors
Parenting stress,*** parenting stress index score (SD)	12 (7.8)	11 (7.5)	14 (8.1)
Major depression,*** %	20	15	26
Considered abortion, %	26	25	27
Maternal characteristics
Mother's age,*** y	28	27.5	28.6
Mother's education,* %
Less than high school	33	33	32
Completed high school	29	30	27
Some college	25	25	26
Completed college	13	12	15
Mother's ethnicity,*** %
Black	44	47	39
Hispanic	28	26	30
White	25	24	25
Foreign born,*** %	17	13	21
Partner characteristics
Partner's age,*** y	31	30.4	31.8
Partner's education,*** %
Less than high school	21	20	23
Completed high school	38	41	34
Some college	23	23	24
Completed college	13	13	13
Household characteristics
Mother–partner relationship status,*** %
Married	45	43	48
Cohabiting	37	36	38
Visiting	19	22	14
Income, natural log of annual household,** $	10.1	10.0	10.2
No. of adults in household	2.3	2.3	2.4
No. of children in household	1.3	1.3	1.3

Note. IPV = intimate partner violence. Bivariate statistical tests on the basis of a t or χ² test as appropriate. All variables had 1% or less missing data, except for partner's education, for which 4.6% was missing.

*P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001.