Table 4.

Mean Frequencies of Individual Repetitive and Stereotyped Behaviors Across Groups

RSB Item	ASD (n=50)		DD (n=25)		TD (n=50)		Pairwise effect size (d)a
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	ASD-TD	ASD-DD
RSB with objects
Bang/Taps	3.90	5.20	1.80	1.78	2.54	2.97	0.33	0.60
Rocks/Flips	0.74	1.19	0.36	0.57	0.20	0.54	0.62	0.43
Shakes	1.84	2.97	2.24	2.91	1.3	1.84	0.22	−0.14
Swipes	0.52	1.28	0.12	0.44	0.02	0.14	0.70	0.47
Rubs/Squeezes	0.32	0.77	0.24	0.52	0.16	0.42	0.27	0.12
Linesup/Stacks	0.00	0.00	0.08	0.28	0.08	0.44	−0.36	−0.57
Collects	0.28	0.83	0.12	0.44	0.20	0.57	0.11	0.25
Spins/Wobbles	0.98	2.75	0.04	0.20	0.08	0.34	0.58	0.64
Rolls	0.22	0.68	0.24	1.20	0.00	0.00	0.65	−0.02
Moves/Places	0.42	1.26	0.32	1.15	0.02	0.14	0.57	0.08
Clutches	1.26	2.63	0.20	0.71	0.48	1.33	0.39	0.63
RSB with body
Bangs Surface	1.88	3.81	0.52	1.19	0.28	0.83	0.69	0.54
Pats Body	0.10	0.30	0.08	0.28	0.02	0.14	0.36	0.07
Rocks/Swivels	0.10	0.42	0.04	0.20	0.10	0.46	0.00	0.19
Flaps	0.70	1.72	1.12	2.65	0.40	1.47	0.19	−0.19
Rubs Body	0.50	1.45	0.04	0.20	0.24	0.48	0.27	0.56
Stiffens	0.78	2.02	0.12	0.44	0.18	0.56	0.47	0.54
Sensory Behaviors
Licks	0.08	0.27	0.20	0.58	0.02	0.14	0.29	−0.28
Sniffs/Smells	0.00	0.00	0.04	0.20	0.00	0.00	0.00	−0.40
Feels/Touches	0.18	0.77	0.04	0.20	0.02	0.14	0.35	0.29
Fixates	0.12	0.44	0.04	0.20	0.02	0.14	0.34	0.25
Covers Ears	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Sucks Fingers	0.64	2.21	0.12	0.33	0.20	0.76	0.30	0.41

^aEffect size based on Cohen’s d ≥ .20 is small, .50 is medium, and .80 is large