Table 1.

Means and Standard Deviations of Variables Within Hospitalization Status Stratum by Race

	Hospitalization Status
	Never Hospitalized			Hospitalizeda
Variable	Total (n = 2,603)	Black (n = 386)	White (n = 2,217)	Total (n = 3,511)	Black (n = 415)	White (n = 3,096)
Black	.148			.118
Age (yrs)	44.5 (13.9)	47.6 (14.0)	43.9***b (13.9)	51.6 (13.8)	51.9 (14.0)	51.6 (13.7)
Female	.551	.572	.547	.537	.528	.538
Incomec	.484	.186	.536***	.438	.229	.466***
Married	.746	.551	.779***	.781	.612	.803***
Heart troubled	.045	.057	.043	.093	.135	.088**
Diabetes	.031	.051	.027*	.070	.113	.064***
Arthritis	.182	.215	.177	.301	.333	.296
Rural	.329	.228	.347***	.439	.294	.458***
South	.228	.199	.233	.269	.260	.270
Obesity	.190	.316	.168***	.264	.330	.255**
Smoker	.447	.502	.438*	.406	.513	.392***

Notes: We coded all binary variables 0 and 1 (we have omitted standard deviations for binary variables). The mean of a binary variable scored 0 and 1 is the percentage of cases with that attribute. We included additional independent variables in preliminary analyses but omitted from the final specifications those that were not significant for any outcomes. Data are from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study, 1971−1985.

^aIndividuals who were admitted at least once.

^bSignificance is indicated for the comparison between each variable by race within each stratum of hospitalization status.

^c0 = income less than $15,000 per year at baseline; 1 = income of $15,000 or more per year at baseline.

^d1 = individuals who responded “yes” to being told they either had had a heart attack or had heart failure.

^*p < .05

^**p < .01

^***p < .001.