(a) Representative examples for natural product glycosides used as therapeutics: calicheamicin (1), doxorubicin (2), erythromycin (3), staurosporine (4), vancomycin (5), nystatin (6), novobiocin (7), and digitoxin (8). The attached sugars are highlighted in color with red indicating l-configured, sugars and blue representing d-sugars. (b) Schematic for natural product IVG. Ep, α-d-glucopyranosyl phosphate thymidylyltransferase; GlyTn different glycosyltransferases.