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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ageing Res Rev. 2008 Oct 31;8(1):43–51. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2008.10.002

Figure 2.

Figure 2

The generation of secreted form klotho. The klotho protein can enter the circulation via three pathways: (1). Alternative RNA splicing. The klotho gene can directly generate secreted form klotho protein by an alternative RNA splicing. The secreted klotho protein is liberated into the extracellular space and subsequently the circulation. (2). Proteolytic cleavage. Klotho protein could be cleaved and released to the circulation system. (3). Na+, K+ -ATPase. Klotho can bind to Na+, K+ -ATPase, the complex of klotho and Na+, K+ -ATPase could be going up to the cell surface where klotho is cleaved and secreted into extracellular space and hence the circulation system.