Table 2.
Brachial artery characteristics at baseline and during the FMD response of participants divided into a group of children and young and older adults
| Children | Young Adults | Older Adults | ANOVA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 51 | 57 | 27 | |
| Baseline diameter, mm | 2.6±0.3* | 4.1±0.6 | 4.1±0.9 | <0.001 |
| Peak diameter, mm | 2.9±0.4* | 4.4±0.7 | 4.4±1.0 | <0.001 |
| Change from baseline, mm | 0.3±0.1 | 0.3±0.1 | 0.2±0.1† | 0.047 |
| Change from baseline, FMD% | 10.7±4.9* | 7.5±3.1* | 6.0±2.9* | <0.001 |
| Time-to-peak dilation, s | 71±32 | 71±37 | 86±32 | 0.14 |
| Peak SRAUC, s−1, ×103 | 5.0±2.1* | 4.3±2.2 | 3.2±2.2 | <0.001 |
| SRAUC 0–30 s, s−1, ×103 | 18.6±5.4* | 11.4±5.9 | 11.9±5.9 | <0.001 |
| SRAUC 0–60 s, s−1, ×103 | 31.3±8.8* | 17.0±8.8 | 17.5±7.9 | <0.001 |
| SRAUC 0-ttp, s−1, ×103 | 35.6±16.7* | 17.5±8.8 | 20.4±9.5 | <0.001 |
| FMD/SRAUC 0-ttp, s−1, ×10−4 | 4.3±2.4 | 5.3±3.1 | 3.4±1.9† | 0.045 |
Values are means ± SD; n, number of participants. Four different methods for postdeflation shear rate area-under-the-curve (SRAUC) calculation were presented: peak shear rate and shear rate 0–30 s, 0–60 s, and 0 up to time-to-peak (0-ttp) diameter. FMD%, flow-mediated dilatation, presented as %change from baseline diameter.
*
P < 0.05, post hoc significant from all other groups.
†
P < 0.05, post hoc significant between young and older adults.