Table 2.

Univariate Relationships of Demographic, Disease, Serum Carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), and Other Factors with Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity in 493 Adults in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

Characteristic		Beta	95% CI	SE	P
Age (years)1	50-59	0.44	0.03, 0.86	0.21	0.03
	60-69	1.32	0.91, 1.72	0.21	<0.0001
	70-79	2.30	1.88, 2.71	0.21	<0.0001
	≥80	3.04	2.54, 3.54	0.26	<0.0001
Male gender		0.71	0.39, 1.01	0.16	<0.0001
Body mass index2 (kg/m2)	<18.5	-1.38	-3.42, 0.65	1.03	0.18
	25.0-29.9	0.34	-0.01, 0.70	0.18	0.06
	≥30	0.46	0.03, 0.89	0.22	0.04
Smoking history2	Former	0.77	0.45, 1.09	0.16	<0.0001
	Current	0.14	-0.62, 0.91	0.39	0.71
On glucose-lowering medication(s)		0.76	0.018, 1.51	0.38	0.05
On vasoactive medication(s)		1.12	0.81, 1.43	0.16	<0.0001
On lipid-lowering medication(s)		0.77	0.39, 1.11	0.18	<0.0001
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)		0.046	0.036, 0.055	0.004	<0.0001
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)		0.005	-0.012, 0.022	0.009	0.57
Mean arterial pressure (mm Hg)		0.045	0.029, 0.061	0.008	<0.0001
Heart rate (beats/min)		0.017	-0.001, 0.035	0.009	0.06
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)		0.019	0.008, 0.030	0.006	0.0007
Triglycerides (mg/dL)		0.001	-0.001, 0.003	0.001	0.34
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)		-0.0006	-0.0048, 0.0037	0.002	0.79
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)		0.002	-0.003, 0.006	0.002	0.46
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)		-0.009	-0.019, -0.001	0.004	0.03
Serum CML (per 1 S.D.)		0.27	0.11, 0.43	0.08	0.0007
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)		1.79	1.12, 2.46	0.34	<0.0001
Hypertension		0.89	0.55, 1.23	0.17	<0.0001
Diabetes		0.94	0.21, 1.67	0.37	0.02
Coronary heart disease		1.19	0.69, 1.68	0.25	<0.0001
Stroke		-0.03	-2.59, 2.46	1.27	0.98
Heart failure		3.23	0.75, 5.72	1.26	0.01

¹Reference category is <50 years.

²Reference category is body mass index 18.5-24.9 kg/m².

³Reference category is never smoking.