. 2009 Feb 16;4(2):e4481. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004481

Table 2. Differentially expressed metabolism-associated genes in skeletal muscle tissue of geriatric vs. young adult dogs fed diets formulated with animal-based (APB) or plant-based (PPB) protein sources.

Functional classification	Gene name	Gene symbol	Fold change
			APB	PPB
Metabolism
Amino acid metabolism	Cysteine conjugate-beta lyase; cytoplasmic (glutamine transaminase K, kyneurenine aminotransferase)	CCBL1	−2.48^*	−2.08^*
Carbohydrate metabolism	ER degradation enhancer, mannosidase alpha-like 2	EDEM2	−1.36^*	−1.66^*
Electron transport	NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 9, 22 kDa	DNDUFB9	−1.29	−1.37^*
Electron transport	Isovaleryl Coenzyme A dehydrogenase	IVD	−1.50	−1.69^*
Electron transport	NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 6, 13 kDa (NADH-coenzyme Q reductase)	NDUFS6	−1.22	−1.42^*
Electron transport chain	NADH dehydrogenase 1 beta subcomplex, 11, 17.3 kda	NDUFB11	−1.61^*	−1.71^*
Electron transport chain	Ring finger 144b	RNF144B	−2.79^*	−2.56^*
Electron transport chain	Glutaryl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase	GCDH	−2.01^*	−1.50
Energy metabolism	NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 10, 42 kDa	NDUFA10	−1.66^*	−1.46
Lipid metabolism	Protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 1 non-catalytic subunit	PRKAG1	−1.41	−2.10^*
Glutathione conjugation	Glutathione S-transferase P (GST 7-7) (Chain 7) (GST class-pi)	GSTP1	−1.22	−1.77^*
Glycolysis	Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase	GAPDH	−1.13	−2.13^*
Glycolysis	Aldolase A, fructose-bisphosphate	ALDOA	1.53	2.54^*
Heme biosynthesis	Heme a∶farnesyltransferase	COX10	−1.57^*	−1.54^*
Lipid metabolism	Hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 10	HSD17B10	−1.76^*	−1.83^*
Protein AA dephosphorylation	Protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B″, alpha	PPP2R3A	1.30	3.67^*
Protein AA phosphorylation	Janus kinase 1 (a protein tyrosine kinase)	JAK1	1.66	3.64^*
TCA cycle	Isocitrate dehydrogenase 3 (NAD+) beta	IDH3B	−2.19^*	−2.23^*
TCA cycle	Succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit C, integral membrane protein, 15 kDa	SDHC	−1.43^*	−1.34

Denotes statistically significant differences.