Table 1.
Region | BA | MNI coordinates |
Functional name | t-value | P value | ||
x | y | z | |||||
Effects of physical training: danced > untrained (post-training) | |||||||
R precentral gyrus | 4 | 48 | 0 | 63 | M1 | 5.08 | <0.001 |
R middle frontal gyrus | 9 | 39 | 12 | 33 | MFC/DLPFC | 4.86 | <0.001 |
R inferior frontal gyrus | 44/45 | 36 | 24 | −6 | IFG | 4.31 | <0.001 |
R middle temporal gyrus | 21 | 51 | −24 | −6 | MTG | 4.31 | <0.001 |
R precentral gyrus | 6 | 39 | −3 | 51 | Premotor cortex** | 4.28 | <0.001 |
R inferior frontal gyrus | 45 | 51 | 33 | 9 | IFG | 3.89 | 0.001 |
R anterior mid. frontal gyrus | 10 | 45 | 57 | 3 | DLPFC | 3.76 | 0.001 |
L anterior cerebellum | −3 | −39 | −42 | 3.58 | 0.001 | ||
L inferior frontal gyrus | 45/46 | −54 | 33 | 21 | IFG | 3.56 | 0.001 |
R inferior frontal gyrus | 44 | 48 | 12 | 18 | IFG | 3.20 | 0.003 |
L IPL | 40 | −33 | −51 | 39 | IPL ** | 3.19 | 0.003 |
R premotor cortex | 57 | 9 | 48 | PMv | 3.15 | 0.003 | |
Effects of passive observation: watched > untrained (post-training) | |||||||
L putamen | −12 | 0 | −3 | 5.07 | <0.001 | ||
R inferior frontal gyrus | 45 | 33 | 27 | −6 | IFG | 4.96 | <0.001 |
L anterior inf. frontal gyrus | 10 | −51 | 42 | −3 | IFG | 4.92 | <0.001 |
R middle frontal gyrus | 10 | 42 | 57 | 9 | DLPFC | 4.18 | <0.001 |
R precentral gyrus | 6 | 36 | 6 | 51 | Premotor cortex** | 4.14 | <0.001 |
L temporal pole | 38 | −30 | 33 | −33 | 4.01 | 0.001 | |
L pars opercularis | 44 | −42 | 12 | 27 | 3.73 | 0.001 | |
L intraparietal sulcus | 40 | −36 | −51 | 36 | IPL** | 3.67 | 0.001 |
R posterior cerebellum | 9 | −81 | −30 | 3.63 | 0.001 | ||
R inferior frontal gyrus | 47 | 42 | 39 | −27 | VLPFC | 3.55 | 0.001 |
L intraparietal sulcus | 7/40 | −36 | −63 | 51 | IPS/IPL | 3.43 | 0.002 |
R inferior frontal gyrus | 45 | 51 | 24 | 18 | IFG | 3.30 | 0.002 |
Effects of physical compared with observational training: danced > watched (post-training) | |||||||
R middle frontal gyrus | 6 | 54 | 6 | 48 | Premotor cortex—PMd | 3.91 | 0.001 |
R precentral gyrus | 6 | 51 | −3 | 51 | Premotor cortex—PMd | 3.56 | 0.001 |
Note: Significance at all sites for each contrast was tested by a one-sample t-test on beta values averaged over each voxel in the cluster, P < 0.005, uncorrected. Coordinates are from the MNI template and use the same orientation and origin as found in the Talairach and Tournoux (1988) atlas. BA: Brodmann's area; R: right; L: left; IPS: intraparietal sulcus; M1: primary motor cortex; MFG: middle frontal gyrus; IFG: inferior frontal gyrus; MTG: middle temporal gyrus; VLPFC: ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. The double asterix (**) denotes the peaks of the clusters examined in the ROI analyses of the overlapping activations from the danced and watched conditions (Fig. 6).