Table 2.
US cancer death rate trends with joinpoint analyses (up to four joinpoints allowed) for 1975–2005 for the top 15 cancers, by sex, for all races*
| Joinpoint analyses (1975–2005)† | ||||||||||
| Trend 1 | Trend 2 | Trend 3 | Trend 4 | Trend 5 | ||||||
| Sex/cancer site or type | Years | APC‡ | Years | APC‡ | Years | APC‡ | Years | APC‡ | Years | APC‡ |
| All sites | ||||||||||
| Both sexes | 1975–1990 | 0.5§ | 1990–1993 | −0.3 | 1993–2002 | −1.1§ | 2002–2005 | −1.8§ | ||
| Males | 1975–1979 | 1.0§ | 1979–1990 | 0.3§ | 1990–1993 | −0.5 | 1993–2001 | −1.5§ | 2001–2005 | −2.0§ |
| Females | 1975–1990 | 0.6§ | 1990–1994 | −0.2 | 1994–2002 | −0.8§ | 2002–2005 | −1.6§ | ||
| Top 15 cancers for males‖ | ||||||||||
| Lung and bronchus | 1975–1978 | 2.5§ | 1978–1984 | 1.2§ | 1984–1990 | 0.4§ | 1990–1993 | −1.1 | 1993–2005 | −1.9§ |
| Prostate | 1975–1987 | 0.9§ | 1987–1991 | 3.0§ | 1991–1994 | −0.6 | 1994–2005 | −4.1§ | ||
| Colon and rectum | 1975–1978 | 0.8 | 1978–1984 | −0.4 | 1984–1990 | −1.3§ | 1990–2002 | −2.0§ | 2002–2005 | −4.3§ |
| Pancreas | 1975–1986 | −0.8§ | 1986–2003 | −0.3§ | 2003–2005 | 1.3 | ||||
| Leukemia | 1975–1995 | −0.2§ | 1995–2005 | −0.8§ | ||||||
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 1975–1991 | 2.7§ | 1991–1997 | 1.6§ | 1997–2005 | −3.0§ | ||||
| Esophagus | 1975–1985 | 0.7§ | 1985–1994 | 1.2§ | 1994–2005 | 0.4§ | ||||
| Urinary bladder | 1975–1983 | −1.4§ | 1983–1987 | −2.7§ | 1987–1993 | 0.1 | 1993–2003 | −0.7§ | 2003–2005 | 1.1 |
| Liver and intrahepatic bile duct | 1975–1979 | 0.3 | 1979–1987 | 2.3§ | 1987–1996 | 3.9§ | 1996–1999 | 0.4 | 1999–2005 | 2.6§ |
| Kidney and renal pelvis | 1975–1992 | 1.1§ | 1992–2005 | −0.3§ | ||||||
| Stomach | 1975–1994 | −2.1§ | 1994–2005 | −3.7§ | ||||||
| Brain and other nervous system | 1975–1977 | 4.3 | 1977–1982 | −0.3 | 1982–1991 | 1.3§ | 1991–2005 | −0.9§ | ||
| Myeloma | 1975–1994 | 1.5§ | 1994–2005 | −1.0§ | ||||||
| Oral cavity and pharynx | 1975–1980 | −0.9 | 1980–2005 | −2.2§ | ||||||
| Melanoma of the skin | 1975–1990 | 2.2§ | 1990–2005 | 0.1 | ||||||
| Top 15 cancers for females‖ | ||||||||||
| Lung and bronchus | 1975–1982 | 6.0§ | 1982–1990 | 4.2§ | 1990–1995 | 1.7§ | 1995–2003 | 0.3§ | 2003–2005 | −0.9 |
| Breast | 1975–1990 | 0.4§ | 1990–1995 | −1.8§ | 1995–1998 | −3.3§ | 1998–2005 | −1.8§ | ||
| Colon and rectum | 1975–1984 | −1.0§ | 1984–2002 | −1.8§ | 2002–2005 | −4.3§ | ||||
| Pancreas | 1975–1984 | 0.8§ | 1984–2005 | 0.1§ | ||||||
| Ovary | 1975–1982 | −1.2§ | 1982–1992 | 0.3§ | 1992–1998 | −1.2§ | 1998–2002 | 0.8 | 2002–2005 | −1.5 |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 1975–1995 | 2.2§ | 1995–1998 | −0.3 | 1998–2005 | −3.7§ | ||||
| Leukemia | 1975–1980 | 0.8 | 1980–2001 | −0.4§ | 2001–2005 | −2.2§ | ||||
| Uterine corpus and uterus NOS | 1975–1991 | −1.6§ | 1991–2005 | −0.1 | ||||||
| Brain and other nervous system | 1975–1992 | 0.9§ | 1992–2005 | −1.0§ | ||||||
| Liver and intrahepatic bile duct | 1975–1978 | −1.5 | 1978–1988 | 1.4§ | 1988–1995 | 3.9§ | 1995–2001 | 0.3 | 2001–2005 | 2.1§ |
| Myeloma | 1975–1993 | 1.5§ | 1993–2001 | −0.4 | 2001–2005 | −2.5§ | ||||
| Stomach | 1975–1987 | −2.8§ | 1987–1990 | −0.4 | 1990–2005 | −2.7§ | ||||
| Kidney and renal pelvis | 1975–1992 | 1.3§ | 1992–2005 | −0.5§ | ||||||
| Uterine cervix | 1975–1982 | −4.4§ | 1982–1995 | −1.6§ | 1995–2005 | −3.4§ | ||||
| Urinary bladder | 1975–1986 | −1.7§ | 1986–2005 | −0.4§ | ||||||
APC = annual percent change; NOS = not otherwise specified. Source: National Center for Health Statistics, 2005 Mortality Special Research File.
Joinpoint analyses with up to four joinpoints were based on rates (per 100 000 persons) and were age standardized to the 2000 US standard population. Joinpoint Regression Program, Version 3.2.0. January 2008, National Cancer Institute.
APC is based on rates that were age standardized to the 2000 US standard population.
APC is statistically significantly different from zero (two-sided P < .05, calculated using a t test).
The top 15 cancers were selected based on the sex-specific age-standardized death rates for 2001–2005 for all races combined and listed in rank order.