Table 6.
Adult and youth smoking prevalence and indices of tobacco control for all races combined by state
| Current smoking prevalence—adult (≥18 y)* | Cigarette use in past month among youth aged 12–17 y, both sexes, 2004–2005‡ |
Total federal plus state tobacco tax§, ($) 2007 | Tobacco prevention spending, % of CDC minimum‖ | ||||||
| Male | Female | ||||||||
| 1997 |
2006 |
1997 |
2006 |
||||||
| Region/state | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | APC† | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | APC† | % (95% CI) | ||
| Northeast | 24.4 (23.1 to 25.7) | 20.1 (19.1 to 21.2) | −2.0¶ | 21.2 (20.2 to 22.2) | 17.8 (17.1 to 18.5) | −2.0¶ | |||
| Connecticut | 21.3 (18.3 to 24.6) | 18.9 (17.1 to 20.9) | −3.0¶ | 21.9 (19.3 to 24.7) | 15.2 (14.0 to 16.6) | −5.0¶ | 12.9 (10.8 to 15.5) | 2.71 | 0.0 |
| Maine | 25.2 (22.0 to 28.6) | 22.0 (19.5 to 24.7) | −2.0 | 20.4 (17.7 to 23.3) | 19.9 (18.0 to 22.0) | −1.0 | 15.2 (12.8 to 18.0) | 2.66 | 151.2 |
| Massachusetts | 21.8 (18.4 to 25.7) | 19.3 (17.5 to 21.3) | −2.0¶ | 19.3 (16.8 to 22.0) | 16.4 (15.1 to 17.8) | −2.0¶ | 10.6 (8.7 to 12.9) | 2.16 | 36.2 |
| New Hampshire | 25.9 (22.1 to 30.2) | 19.3 (17.3 to 21.5) | −3.0¶ | 23.6 (20.7 to 26.7) | 18.1 (16.6 to 19.8) | −3.0¶ | 11.0 (9.0 to 13.3) | 1.47 | 12.3 |
| New Jersey | 23.4 (20.5 to 26.6) | 20.7 (19.0 to 22.5) | −2.0¶ | 19.5 (17.3 to 21.9) | 15.6 (14.5 to 16.7) | −2.0¶ | 11.2 (9.2 to 13.5) | 3.33 | 24.4 |
| New York | 24.9 (22.4 to 27.6) | 18.9 (16.8 to 21.2) | −3.0¶ | 21.5 (19.6 to 23.6) | 17.6 (16.0 to 19.3) | −3.0¶ | 10.7 (9.6 to 12.0) | 2.11 | 89.2 |
| Pennsylvania | 26.2 (23.6 to 28.9) | 22.3 (20.0 to 24.9) | −1.0 | 22.4 (20.5 to 24.5) | 20.7 (19.1 to 22.4) | −1.0 | 13.1 (11.9 to 14.4) | 2.01 | 48.3 |
| Rhode Island | 25.5 (22.1 to 29.3) | 19.5 (16.9 to 22.4) | −3.0¶ | 23.2 (20.2 to 26.5) | 18.9 (16.9 to 21.1) | −2.0¶ | 12.0 (9.9 to 14.6) | 3.26 | 9.5 |
| Vermont | 25.2 (22.4 to 28.3) | 19.4 (17.6 to 21.3) | −3.0¶ | 21.5 (19.2 to 23.9) | 16.8 (15.4 to 18.3) | −3.0¶ | 13.8 (11.6 to 16.3) | 2.48 | 66.0 |
| Midwest | 27.0 (25.9 to 28.1) | 23.8 (22.8 to 24.8) | −2.0¶ | 22.4 (21.6 to 23.2) | 19.4 (18.7 to 20.1) | −2.0¶ | |||
| Illinois | 25.0 (22.4 to 27.8) | 24.2 (21.6 to 26.7) | −1.0 | 21.6 (19.5 to 23.8) | 17.0 (15.4 to 18.8) | −3.0¶ | 10.6 (9.5 to 11.8) | 1.68 | 13.1 |
| Indiana | 29.2 (26.2 to 32.5) | 26.4 (24.2 to 28.7) | −1.0 | 23.8 (21.2 to 26.5) | 21.9 (20.3 to 23.6) | 0.0 | 12.3 (10.2 to 14.7) | 1.63 | 46.6 |
| Iowa | 25.5 (23.2 to 27.9) | 23.1 (20.9 to 25.5) | −2.0¶ | 21.0 (19.1 to 23.1) | 19.9 (18.2 to 21.7) | −1.0 | 12.2 (10.1 to 14.6) | 1.98 | 63.5 |
| Kansas | 26.7 (23.5 to 30.2) | 22.2 (20.3 to 24.2) | −3.0¶ | 18.8 (16.6 to 21.3) | 18.0 (16.7 to 19.3) | −1.0 | 13.5 (11.3 to 16.2) | 1.40 | 7.8 |
| Michigan | 29.6 (26.7 to 32.7) | 24.8 (22.4 to 27.3) | −3.0¶ | 22.8 (20.6 to 25.1) | 20.1 (18.5 to 21.8) | −2.0¶ | 12.2 (11.1 to 13.5) | 2.72 | 6.6 |
| Minnesota | 24.1 (22.2 to 26.1) | 18.5 (16.1 to 21.0) | −1.0 | 19.8 (18.2 to 21.4) | 18.2 (16.4 to 20.2) | 1.0 | 12.9 (10.8 to 15.2) | 1.88 | 77.2 |
| Missouri | 31.6 (27.7 to 35.8) | 24.5 (21.5 to 27.7) | −3.0¶ | 26.0 (23.2 to 28.9) | 22.0 (19.9 to 24.3) | −2.0¶ | 15.8 (13.5 to 18.5) | 0.71 | 0.6 |
| Nebraska | 24.3 (21.4 to 27.5) | 19.6 (17.6 to 21.7) | −2.0¶ | 20.1 (17.6 to 23.0) | 17.8 (16.2 to 19.5) | −1.0 | 12.8 (10.5 to 15.3) | 1.24 | 18.8 |
| North Dakota | 24.3 (21.3 to 27.6) | 21.0 (18.5 to 23.7) | −1.0 | 20.3 (17.7 to 23.2) | 18.1 (16.2 to 20.2) | −2.0¶ | 13.8 (11.7 to 16.1) | 1.01 | 38.4 |
| Ohio | 26.3 (23.3 to 29.6) | 24.9 (21.2 to 29.0) | −2.0¶ | 24.0 (21.6 to 26.5) | 20.1 (17.7 to 22.9) | −2.0 | 12.8 (11.6 to 14.2) | 1.90 | 72.4 |
| South Dakota | 28.0 (24.9 to 31.4) | 21.6 (19.3 to 24.0) | −5.0¶ | 20.8 (18.4 to 23.5) | 19.1 (17.5 to 20.9) | −1.0 | 15.5 (13.1 to 18.3) | 2.11 | 57.5 |
| Wisconsin | 25.6 (22.5 to 29.1) | 23.3 (20.8 to 26.0) | −1.0 | 20.9 (18.2 to 23.8) | 18.4 (16.6 to 20.3) | −3.0¶ | 13.0 (10.9 to 15.3) | 2.41 | 48.1 |
| South | 27.4 (26.5 to 28.4) | 23.4 (22.5 to 24.2) | −2.0¶ | 21.2 (20.5 to 21.9) | 19.0 (18.4 to 19.5) | −1.0¶ | |||
| Alabama | 28.6 (25.4 to 32.0) | 26.1 (22.6 to 29.9) | 0.0 | 21.2 (18.8 to 23.7) | 20.5 (18.5 to 22.7) | −1.0 | 12.4 (10.3 to 14.9) | 0.95 | 2.9 |
| Arkansas | 32.0 (27.8 to 36.6) | 25.8 (23.5 to 28.3) | −2.0¶ | 25.2 (22.3 to 28.4) | 21.7 (20.0 to 23.4) | −2.0¶ | 13.1 (10.9 to 15.6) | 1.21 | 87.1 |
| Delaware | 29.2 (25.9 to 32.8) | 23.3 (20.4 to 26.6) | −3.0¶ | 24.2 (21.8 to 26.8) | 20.3 (17.8 to 23.0) | −3.0¶ | 12.2 (10.2 to 14.5) | 1.54 | 123.8 |
| District of Columbia | 22.7 (19.0 to 27.0) | 21.3 (18.5 to 24.4) | 0.0 | 15.4 (12.9 to 18.4) | 14.9 (13.2 to 16.8) | −1.0 | 7.1 (5.7 to 8.9) | 1.64 | 48.1 |
| Florida | 26.0 (23.5 to 28.6) | 23.5 (21.5 to 25.7) | 0.0 | 21.4 (19.5 to 23.4) | 18.7 (17.3 to 20.1) | −2.0¶ | 10.1 (9.0 to 11.4) | 0.94 | 74.0 |
| Georgia | 25.2 (22.2 to 28.5) | 22.4 (20.2 to 24.7) | −2.0¶ | 19.8 (17.3 to 22.6) | 17.6 (16.2 to 19.1) | −1.0¶ | 10.9 (9.0 to 13.1) | 0.92 | 5.3 |
| Kentucky | 33.0 (30.2 to 36.0) | 29.1 (26.2 to 32.1) | −2.0¶ | 28.7 (26.6 to 30.8) | 28.0 (26.0 to 30.1) | 0.0 | 17.2 (14.6 to 20.1) | 0.90 | 9.4 |
| Louisiana | 29.2 (25.3 to 33.4) | 26.7 (24.4 to 29.1) | −1.0 | 20.3 (17.7 to 23.0) | 20.5 (19.1 to 21.9) | 0.0 | 10.0 (8.2 to 12.0) | 0.90 | 28.3 |
| Maryland | 21.7 (19.4 to 24.1) | 19.0 (17.0 to 21.1) | −2.0¶ | 19.3 (17.4 to 21.4) | 16.5 (15.2 to 17.9) | −2.0¶ | 10.6 (8.7 to 12.7) | 2.71 | 60.7 |
| Mississippi | 28.3 (24.3 to 32.7) | 27.8 (25.2 to 30.5) | 0.0 | 18.5 (15.9 to 21.5) | 22.6 (20.9 to 24.4) | 1.0¶ | 11.1 (9.2 to 13.4) | 0.81 | 42.6 |
| North Carolina | 29.7 (27.0 to 32.4) | 25.3 (23.7 to 27.0) | −2.0¶ | 22.4 (20.5 to 24.4) | 19.0 (18.0 to 20.1) | −2.0¶ | 13.9 (11.6 to 16.5) | 0.98 | 40.2 |
| Oklahoma | 25.2 (21.7 to 29.1) | 27.9 (25.7 to 30.2) | 1.0 | 24.0 (21.1 to 27.2) | 22.5 (21.0 to 24.1) | 0.0 | 14.9 (12.5 to 17.7) | 1.42 | 65.1 |
| South Carolina | 29.5 (26.1 to 33.0) | 25.6 (23.6 to 27.8) | −2.0¶ | 18.0 (15.8 to 20.4) | 19.2 (17.8 to 20.6) | 1.0 | 12.0 (10.0 to 14.2) | 0.62 | 8.4 |
| Tennessee | 27.9 (25.0 to 31.1) | 23.7 (20.7 to 27.0) | −1.0 | 26.0 (23.9 to 28.3) | 21.5 (19.4 to 23.7) | −1.0 | 13.4 (11.3 to 15.8) | 1.33 | 31.0 |
| Texas | 28.0 (25.0 to 31.2) | 20.5 (17.8 to 23.5) | −3.0¶ | 17.4 (15.4 to 19.7) | 15.4 (13.7 to 17.4) | −2.0¶ | 9.9 (8.8 to 11.1) | 2.08 | 11.4 |
| Virginia | 26.0 (22.8 to 29.5) | 20.2 (17.9 to 22.8) | −2.0¶ | 22.9 (20.5 to 25.5) | 18.5 (16.3 to 20.8) | −2.0¶ | 11.1 (9.0 to 13.5) | 0.87 | 37.3 |
| West Virginia | 27.3 (24.3 to 30.5) | 25.4 (22.8 to 28.2) | −1.0 | 27.6 (25.1 to 30.2) | 26.1 (23.9 to 28.4) | 0.0 | 16.0 (13.7 to 18.7) | 1.16 | 40.0 |
| West | 22.6 (21.3 to 24.0) | 19.1 (17.8 to 20.4) | −2.0¶ | 17.4 (16.4 to 18.4) | 13.6 (12.9 to 14.4) | −4.0¶ | |||
| Alaska | 27.2 (22.6 to 32.3) | 25.2 (21.4 to 29.5) | 0.0 | 25.8 (21.7 to 30.3) | 22.6 (19.4 to 26.3) | −2.0¶ | 10.8 (8.7 to 13.2) | 2.39 | 92.5 |
| Arizona | 22.0 (18.4 to 26.2) | 21.7 (18.0 to 25.9) | −1.0 | 20.2 (16.9 to 24.0) | 14.7 (12.5 to 17.2) | −2.0 | 11.1 (9.0 to 13.6) | 2.69 | 84.6 |
| California | 22.4 (20.2 to 24.8) | 18.5 (16.4 to 20.9) | −3.0¶ | 14.5 (13.0 to 16.1) | 11.4 (10.1 to 12.8) | −5.0¶ | 9.0 (7.8 to 10.3) | 1.56 | 46.9 |
| Colorado | 24.0 (20.9 to 27.4) | 19.3 (17.3 to 21.4) | −3.0¶ | 21.1 (18.3 to 24.3) | 16.5 (15.1 to 18.1) | −3.0¶ | 12.2 (10.1 to 14.5) | 1.23 | 105.9 |
| Hawaii | 21.5 (18.7 to 24.6) | 19.2 (17.2 to 21.4) | −2.0 | 15.8 (13.5 to 18.5) | 15.9 (14.3 to 17.6) | −1.0 | 7.7 (6.1 to 9.7) | 2.41 | 96.3 |
| Idaho | 21.8 (19.7 to 24.1) | 18.7 (16.5 to 21.0) | −3.0¶ | 18.1 (16.3 to 20.1) | 15.0 (13.5 to 16.6) | −3.0¶ | 10.6 (8.7 to 12.9) | 1.15 | 12.6 |
| Montana | 20.8 (18.0 to 23.9) | 18.4 (16.3 to 20.8) | −1.0 | 20.2 (17.7 to 23.0) | 19.4 (17.8 to 21.2) | −1.0 | 14.7 (12.4 to 17.3) | 2.09 | 90.6 |
| Nevada | 25.6 (20.9 to 30.9) | 22.9 (19.8 to 26.2) | −4.0¶ | 30.5 (26.1 to 35.3) | 21.4 (18.7 to 24.5) | −6.0¶ | 10.6 (8.7 to 12.9) | 1.45 | 14.8 |
| New Mexico | 21.6 (18.5 to 25.0) | 22.6 (20.4 to 24.9) | −1.0 | 22.5 (19.9 to 25.4) | 17.8 (16.3 to 19.5) | −3.0¶ | 11.7 (9.6 to 14.3) | 1.50 | 70.1 |
| Oregon | 22.1 (19.5 to 24.9) | 19.8 (17.5 to 22.2) | −1.0 | 19.3 (17.3 to 21.5) | 17.2 (15.6 to 19.0) | −2.0¶ | 11.2 (9.3 to 13.6) | 1.57 | 38.8 |
| Utah | 16.1 (13.8 to 18.7) | 10.4 (8.7 to 12.3) | −5.0¶ | 11.5 (9.7 to 13.7) | 9.3 (7.9 to 10.8) | −4.0¶ | 8.7 (6.8 to 11.0) | 1.31 | 47.7 |
| Washington | 25.0 (22.4 to 27.9) | 18.9 (17.7 to 20.2) | −4.0¶ | 22.7 (20.6 to 24.9) | 15.3 (14.5 to 16.1) | −4.0¶ | 9.2 (7.4 to 11.4) | 2.78 | 81.1 |
| Wyoming | 23.9 (20.3 to 28.0) | 23.8 (21.5 to 26.3) | −1.0 | 24.0 (21.3 to 27.0) | 19.4 (17.7 to 21.2) | −1.0¶ | 14.0 (11.9 to 16.4) | 1.14 | 80.1 |
| Total United States | 25.7 (25.1 to 26.2) | 21.9 (21.4 to 22.4) | −2.0¶ | 20.7 (20.2 to 21.1) | 17.6 (17.3 to 18.0) | −2.0¶ | |||
*
APC = annual percent change; BRFSS = Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; SAMHSA = Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; CDC = Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; CI = confidence interval. Adult smoking prevalence estimates are for current cigarette smoking in persons 18 years of age or older and are based on the CDC's BRFSS data (http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/). State-based BRFSS data were aggregated to represent regions and the total United States.
†
APC is based on prevalence estimates from 1997 through 2006.
‡
State-specific youth smoking prevalence data are based on the 2004 and 2005 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies (http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k5State/AppB.htm#TabB.14).
§
From Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids. State cigarette prices, taxes, and costs per pack. National Center for Tobacco-Free Kids, 2007.
‖
From Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids. A Broken Promise to Our Children: the 1998 Master Settlement Agreement Nine Years later. National Center for Tobacco-Free Kids, 2007. Based on CDC's annual funding recommendations and each state's FY2008 funding allocations.
¶
APC is statistically significantly different from zero (two-sided P < .05, calculated using a t test).