Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Exercise arm (n = 84) | Control arm (n = 85) | |
|---|---|---|
| Sex, n (%) | ||
| Males | 64 (76.2) | 62 (72.9) |
| Females | 20 (23.8) | 23 (27.1) |
| NYHA on recruitment, n (%) | ||
| I | 4 (4.8) | 6 (7.1) |
| II | 63 (75.0) | 62 (72.9) |
| III | 17 (20.0) | 17 (20.0) |
| AF present on recruitment, n (%) | 17 (20.2) | 18 (21.2) |
| Age, mean (SD) | 65.9 (12.5) | 70.0 (12.5) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | ||
| White | 69 (83.1) | 74 (87.1) |
| South Asian | 5 (6.0) | 5 (5.9) |
| Other | 9 (10.8) | 6 (7.1) |
| Past medical history, n (%) | ||
| Diabetes | 18 (21.4) | 19 (22.4) |
| Stroke | 8 (9.5) | 7 (8.2) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 7 (8.3) | 7 (8.2) |
| Angina | 34 (40.5) | 36 (42.4) |
| Hypertension | 30 (35.7) | 38 (44.7) |
| Valvular heart disease | 14 (16.7) | 19 (22.4) |
| Myocardial infarction | 40 (47.6) | 33 (38.8) |
| CABG | 16 (19.0) | 10 (11.8) |
| Angioplasty | 15 (17.9) | 14 (16.5) |
| Attended cardiac rehabilitation | 14 (16.7) | 10 (11.8) |
| In paid employment, n (%) | 7 (8.3) | 4 (4.7) |
| Years in full-time education, mean (SD) | 10.9 (3.7) | 10.6 (2.2) |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 7 (8.3) | 8 (9.4) |
| Units of alcohol/week, mean (SD) | 5.85 (8.0) | 5.23 (8.7) |
| MLwHFQ score, mean (SD) | 33.35 (21.3) | 31.82 (22.5) |
| ISWT distance (m), mean (SD) | 234.0 (132.6) | 220.5 (130.7) |
| Self-reported physical activity score, mean (SD) | 4.55 (2.5) | 4.67 (2.6) |
| HADS anxiety score, mean (SD) | 6.05 (4.36) | 5.48 (4.07) |
| HADS depression score, mean (SD) | 6.27 (3.58) | 5.01 (3.07) |
| EQ5D, mean (SD) | 0.675 (0.25) | 0.696 (0.26) |
| SBP (mmHg), mean (SD) | 116.63 (15.6) | 124.0 (19.7) |
| DBP (mmHg), mean (SD) | 67.85 (10.8) | 68.29 (12.4) |
| Drugs, n (%) | ||
| Diuretic | 77 (92.8) | 78 (91.8) |
| ACE-inhibitor or A-II receptor antagonists | 82 (98.8) | 80 (94.1) |
| Beta-blockers | 61 (73.5) | 52 (61.2) |
NYHA, New York Heart Association class; AF, atrial fibrillation; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; MLwHFQ, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire; ISWT, incremental shuttle walking test; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; A-II, angiotensin II receptor blocker.