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. 2009 Jan 6;169(4):505–514. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwn359

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American Journal of Epidemiology Published by Oxford University Press 2009.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 2. — Q-Q plots comparing the expected and observed χ² values for controls from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (WTCCC) (6) and one of the 7 case collections (cases of bipolar disorder). The Q-Q plots (which are similar) for all of the other 6 case collections can be seen in Web Figure 2 (http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/). Also shown is a Q-Q plot comparing the expected and observed χ² values for 30 studies of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism taken from the literature and a Q-Q plot comparing the expected and observed χ² values for Framingham Study (7) prostate cancer cases. A) Q-Q plot for WTCCC controls; B) Q-Q plot for WTCCC bipolar disorder cases; C) Q-Q plot for the 30 APOE studies; D) Q-Q plot for the Framingham prostate cancer cases.