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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Feb 7.
Published in final edited form as: J Proteome Res. 2009 Feb 6;8(2):754–769. doi: 10.1021/pr800858h

Figure 4. Representative advanced glycation end-products.

Figure 4

Oxidative decomposition of the Amadori product or reaction of tissue proteins with reactive carbonyl and dicarbonyl compounds can lead to the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). AGEs include Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), Nε-(carboxylethyllysine) (CEL), S-(carboxymethyl)cysteine (CMC), pyrraline, 3-deoxyglucosone-derived imidazolium crosslink (DOGDIC), pentosidine, glucosepane, glyoxal lysine dimer (GOLD), crosslines, and fluorolink.