Fig. 2.

JNK1-deficient adipose tissue prevents diet-induced insulin resistance. (A-C) F^KO and F^WT mice were maintained on a standard chow diet (ND) or on a high fat diet (HF) for 16 wk. (A) Glucose tolerance test (GTT). Mice fasted overnight were injected intraperitoneally with glucose (1 mg/g). Blood glucose concentration was measured at the indicated times (mean ± SD; n = 14). (B) Insulin tolerance test (ITT). Mice fed ad libitum were injected intraperitoneally with insulin (0.75 mU/g). Blood glucose concentration was measured at the indicated times (mean ± SD; n = 14). (C) Glucose-induced insulin release. Mice fasted overnight were injected intraperitoneally with glucose (2 mg/g). Blood insulin concentration was measured at the indicated times (mean ± SD; n = 14). No statistically significant differences between F^KO and F^WT mice were detected (P > 0.05). (D-J) F^KO and F^WT mice were maintained on a standard chow diet or on a high fat (HF) diet for 3 wk. (D) Steady-state glucose infusion rates to maintain euglycemia during the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps. (E) Insulin-stimulated whole body glucose turnover. (F) Whole body glycolysis. (G) Basal hepatic glucose production (HGP). (H) Insulin-stimulated rates of HGP during clamps. (I) Hepatic insulin action, expressed as insulin-mediated percent suppression of basal HGP. (J) Glycogen synthesis. The data presented are the mean ± SE for 6 to 8 experiments. Statistically significant differences are indicated (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001). (K-L) Resting blood insulin and glucose were examined in mice that were fasted overnight (mean ± SD, n =10). Statistically significant differences between F^KO mice and F^WT mice are indicated (*, P < 0.01).