Table 3.
Task or Finding | Required for Spasmodic Dysphonia |
Expected for Hyperfunctional Voice |
---|---|---|
Structure | Normal | May have erythema or nodules |
Vocal fold asymmetry | Normal | Normal |
Whistling | Normal adductor and abductor movement |
Normal adductor and abductor movement |
Prolonged Vowels | May have tremor or spasms in vocal folds |
Consistent hyperfunctional posture |
Adductor sentences | Adductor Type: Intermittent hyperadduction on vowels |
Consistent hyperfunctional posture |
Abductor sentences | Abductor Type: Intermittent abduction on voiceless consonants (/p/, /t/, /k/, /s/, /h/, /f/) |
Consistent hyperfunctional posture |