TABLE 1.
SELECTED COHORT STUDIES PROVIDING EVIDENCE FOR AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FEV1 AND CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY
| Author | Sample Size | Follow-up (yr) | Mean Age (yr) | Lung Function | Relationship | Adjusted for |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hole (17) | 15,411 | 15 | 44–64 | FEV1 1st to 5th quintile ranged from 73–113% predicted | Increase in RR of 1.56 in cardiovascular mortality comparing highest with lowest quintile | Age, smoking, serum cholesterol, BMI, social class |
| Renfrew, UK | ||||||
| Ebi-Kryston (16) | 17,717 | 10 | 40–64 | FEV1 < 65% | Chronic phlegm production associated with all-causes and respiratory disease mortality, but not after adjusting for reduced FEV1 | Age, smoking, employment grade, BP, antihypertensive medication, cholesterol, diabetes, ECG, IHD Hx. |
| Whitehall Study, UK | ||||||
| Schunneman (88) | 1,195 | 29 | 47 | FEV1 1st to 5th quintile ranged from 80–114% predicted | Increase in RR of 2.11 in cardiovascular mortality comparing highest with lowest quintile | Age, smoking, BP, BMI, education status |
| Buffalo Study, US | ||||||
| Persson (18) | 1,462 | 12 | 38–60 | PEFR 123–545 L · min−1 | PEFR inversely proportional to risk of death from myocardial infarction | Age, height, BMI, waist/hip ratio, chest deformity, pulmonary disease, smoking, lipid levels, BP, diabetes, and physical activity |
| Sweden, Europe | ||||||
| Truelsen (19) | 12,878 | up to 17 | 45–84 | FEV1 | 808 strokes RR 1.05 for each 10% decrease in FEV1% predicted. Similar risk for stroke mortality | Sex, age, smoking, inhalation, BMI, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, physical activity in leisure time, education, diabetes mellitus, and antihypertensive treatment |
| Copenhagen City Heart study, Europe | ||||||
| Hozawa (25) | 13,842 | Up to 13 | 45–64 | FEV1 percent predicted quartiles | Relative hazards 1.59, 1.52, 1.26, and 1.00 for each quartile of FEV1% predicted, in White Americans, no association in African Americans | Age, sex, race, education, smoking status, BMI, WHR, vWF, ethanol intake, HDL cholesterol, systolic BP, antihypertensive medication, diabetes, WBC count and fibrinogen. Association not found in African Americans. |
| Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Study, US |
Definition of abbreviations: BMI = body mass index; BP = blood pressure; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; PEFR = peak expiratory flow rate; RR = relative risk; vWF = von Willebrand factor; WBC = white blood cell; WHR = waist/hip ratio.