APPENDIX Table 1.

Diagnoses and corresponding ICD-9 codes used to exclude patients with potential upper gastrointestinal bleeding or chronic blood loss

Diagnosis	ICD-9 Code
Chronic anemia	280.0
Occult blood positive stools	792.1
Melena	578.1
Hematemesis	578.2
Esophageal varices with hemorrhage	456.0, 456.20
Esophagitis	530.1
Esophageal ulcer	530.2
Mallory-Weiss tear	530.7
Esophageal hemorrhage unspecified	530.82
Gastric ulcer, acute with hemorrahage ± perforation	531.0, 531.2
Gastric ulcer, chronic or unspecified with hemorrhage ± perforation	531.4, 531.6
Dudoenal ulcer, acute with hemorrhage ± perforation	532.0, 532.2
Duodenal ulcer, chronic or unspecified with hemorrhage ± peforation	532.4, 532.6
Peptic ulcer, acute with hemorrhage ± perforation	533.0, 533.2
Peptic ulcer, chronic or unspecified with hemorrhage ± peforation	533.4, 533.6
Gastrojejunal ulcer, acute with hemorrhage ± perforation	534.0, 534.2
Gastrojejunal ulcer, chronic or unspecified with Hemorrhage ± peforation	534.4, 534.6
Gastritis and duodenitis	535
Angiodysplasia of the stomach or duodenum with hemorrhage	537.83
Diverticulosis or diverticulitis of the small intestine with hemorrhage	562.02, 562.03
Small intestinal cancer	152
Procedure	ICD-9 code
Endoscopic control of esophageal bleeding	42.33
Suture of laceration of the esophagus	42.82
Surgical ligation of esophageal varices	42.91
Endoscopic ligation of esophageal varices	43.41
Partial gastrectomy	43.5, 43.6, 43.7, 43.8
Vagotomy	44.0
Pyloroplasty	44.2
Suture of gastric of duodenal ulcer for bleeding control	44.40, 44.41, 44.42
Endoscopic control of gastric or duodenal bleeding	44.43
Transcatheter embolization of gastric or duodenal ulcer	44.44
Other control of hemorrhage of stomach or duodenum	44.49
Suture of laceration of the stomach	44.61
Surgical ligation of gastric varices	44.91
Insertion of Sengstaken tube/esophageal tamponade	96.06