Table 3.

Oral Opioid Requirements and Sleep Disturbances

	Oral Opioid,* mg		Difficulty Sleeping,† Subjects per Group		At Least One Awakening,† Subjects per Group
Postoperative Day/Night	Ropivacaine Group	Placebo Group	Ropivacaine Group	Placebo Group	Ropivacaine Group	Placebo Group
0	0 (0–10)	0 (0–5)	5	1	4	4
1	25 (10–50)	40 (25–60)	0	6	1	8
2	20 (5–30)	25 (20–45)	0	2	0	2
3	0 (0–10)	10 (0–20)	0	5	2	4
4	5 (0–12.5)	15 (5–20)	6	8	6	10
5	25 (10–40)	20 (10–35)	4	7	7	8
6	20 (5–40)	20 (10–40)	‡	‡	‡	‡

Because each comparison dilutes all other P values, we restricted our analysis to 11 comparisons among secondary endpoints. For this reason, no statistical comparisons were applied to the data of this table.

^*Values are reported as median (25th–75th percentiles) for nonparametric data. Includes only immediate-release oxycodone provided for breakthrough pain for the previous 24 h as of 18:00 each day, with the exception of postoperative day 0, which includes only the postanesthesia care unit (recovery room). Excludes sustained-release oxycodone (10 mg) provided to all patients twice daily.

^†As a result of surgical pain.

^‡Data not collected.