Table 5.
Prospects for Improvement of Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccines & Vaccinations
| • | Alternative Production Methods |
| – Cell-culture based vaccines | |
| – rDNA-produced vaccines | |
| – Peptide epitope and DNA vaccines | |
| • | Increased Immune Responses (anti-HA) |
| – Increased dosage | |
| – Adjuvant addition | |
| – Mucosal administration for increased antibody in secretions | |
| • | Broadened Immune Responses |
| – Ensure anti-NA antibody (serum and secretions) | |
| – Ensure induction and maintenance of CMI | |
| – Induce anti-M2 antibody | |
| • | Improve acceptability/delivery |
| – Intranasal/aerosol delivery | |
| – Transdermal, sublingual | |
| – Other methods | |
| • | Population-specific vaccines/regimens |
| – The very young and elderly | |
| – The immunocompromised | |
| – Vaccine combined with other preventives |