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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Feb 17.
Published in final edited form as: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004 Oct;37(Suppl 3):S184–S193.

FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 4

The recovery of endogenous cytokines from pooled cervicovaginal lavages collected at baseline. The results represent the mean and SEM from duplicate measurements from two independent experiments for each cytokine. Cervicovaginal lavage pools were divided into five equal portions. One portion (control) was frozen immediately at −70°C. One portion was subjected to repeated freeze–thaw cycles, and the remaining three portions were incubated at 4°C, room temperature or 37°C for 2, 6 and 24 h. Cytokine concentrations were measured by Endogen IL-8 and IL-1α and by R&D Systems QuantiGlo IL-1β and Quantikine IL-1RA. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.001.