Fig. 8.
Schematic diagram showing proposed interaction of endogenously produced ANG II with the T cell NADPH oxidase contributing to T cell activation and TNF-α production. T cells contain a functional RAS, and this in turn, combined with anti-CD3 stimulation acts on AT1 and AT2 receptors leading to NADPH oxidase activation. Superoxide produced by the NADPH oxidase affects T-cell activation and production of TNF-α.