TABLE 1.

CYTOKINE PRODUCTION BY HUMAN DENDRITIC CELLS INFECTED WITH HMPV OR RSV

		RSV	hMPV
IFN-α	moDC	1.2 ± 1.1*	252.6 ± 99.3*†
	pDC	581.3 ± 127.8*†	402.8 ± 211.4*†
IL-1β	moDC	6.1 ± 1.6†	NI
	pDC	16.4 ± 2.3‡	NI
IL-4	moDC	NT	NT
	pDC	13.9 ± 8.3‡	2.77 ± 1.4
IL-6	moDC	21.4 ± 11.4†	9.8 ± 6.7
	pDC	4.8 ± 3.3‡	NI
IL-10	moDC	40.9 ± 15.4‡	NI
	pDC	46.4 ± 20.2‡	NI
IL-12	moDC	90.7 ± 75†	NI
	pDC	8.6 ± 1.3‡	ND
IFN-γ	moDC	2.5 ± 0.3‡	NI
	pDC	7.1 ± 1.5‡	NI
TNF-α	moDC	29.1 ± 10.4†	4.51 ± 1.7
	pDC	44.3 ± 8.2‡	3.0 ± 1.5
G-CSF	moDC	5.2 ± 2.5†	NI
	pDC	9.4 ± 1.1‡	NI
GM-CSF	moDC	NT	NT
	pDC	4.9 ± 0.9‡	NI

Definition of abbreviations: hMPV, human metapneumovirus; ND, not detectable; NI, not inducible; NT, not tested; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus.

Values represent fold increase in virus-infected versus uninfected cells (mean ± SEM, n = 4–6 donors).

^*For calculation of fold increase, IFN-α concentration in uninfected cells is extrapolated as the lower limit of detection of the ELISA (12.5 pg/ml).

^†P < 0.01, virus-infected versus uninfected cells.

^‡P < 0.05, virus-infected versus uninfected cells.