Figure 5.

Antioxidants prevent the PM-induced reduction in membrane abundance of the Na,K-ATPase in alveolar epithelial cells. (A) Alveolar epithelial cells were exposed to PM or to vehicle in the presence or absence of EUK-134 (5 μM) for 24 h, and the level of reduced glutathione in the whole cell lysate was measured. (B) Alveolar epithelial cells were treated with PM in the presence or absence of EUK-134 (5 μM) and membrane abundance of the Na,K-ATPase was measured. *P < 0.05 for comparison with the untreated control. Each observation represents the average of three or more experiments.