Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neuropharmacology. 2008 Aug 30;55(8):1329–1339. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.08.028

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Additive effects of submaximal responses of VIP and PHI in thalamic relay neurons. A. PHI (0.05 μM) and VIP (0.1 μM) produced small membrane depolarizations when applied separately. In another cell, combined application of PHI (0.05 μM) and VIP (0.1 μM) produced a significantly larger depolarization than the individual agonists, and is similar to that the sum of each agonists-induced membrane depolarizations. B. Population data illustrating individual and combined agonist applications. Open circle symbol in the right indicates the mean ± standard deviation of membrane depolarizations evoked by agonists. *, p<0.05. C. High VIP concentration (1 μM) occludes PHI-mediated membrane depolarizations. At the peak of VIP-mediated depolarization (arrowhead), the membrane potential was manually adjusted to resting levels, and PHI (0.5 μM) was applied. Under these conditions, PHI produced no changes in membrane potential.