Table 1. Population Characteristics.
| Population Studied | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Men (n = 302) | Women (n = 358) | P-value |
| Age, mean ± SD | 73.9 ± 6.5 | 74.4 ± 6.6 | .37 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean ± SD | 27.1 ± 3.3 | 27.8 ± 4.4 | .03 |
| Weight, kg, mean ± SD | 74.5 ± 11.5 | 65.0 ± 11.2 | <.001 |
| Height, cm, mean ± SD | 165.5 ± 7.3 | 152.9 ± 6.6 | <.001 |
| Education, years of school, mean ± SD | 6.2 ± 3.5 | 4.7 ± 2.5 | <.001 |
| Mini-Mental State Examination score, mean ± SD | 25.7 ± 3.4 | 24.8 ± 3.8 | .002 |
| Short Physical Performance Battery score, mean ± SD | 10.9 ± 2.1 | 9.9 ± 2.6 | <.001 |
| Comorbidities, number, mean ± SD | 1.9 ± 1.4 | 1.9 ± 1.2 | .80 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 40 (13.2) | 40 (11.2) | .42 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 189 (62.6) | 239 (66.8) | .26 |
| Stroke, n (%) | 23 (7.6) | 16 (4.5) | .09 |
| Ischemic cardiomyopathy, n (%) | 42 (13.9) | 36 (10.1) | .13 |
| Congestive cardiomyopathy, n (%) | 73 (24.2) | 87 (24.3) | .97 |
| Peripheral arterial disease, n (%) | 55 (18.2) | 38 (10.6) | .005 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n (%) | 59 (19.5) | 15 (4.2) | <.001 |
| Arthritis, n (%) | 61 (20.2) | 154 (43.0) | <.001 |
| Cancer, n (%) | 12 (4.0) | 23 (6.4) | .16 |
| Parkinson's disease, n (%) | 6 (2.0) | 7 (2.0) | .94 |
SD = standard deviation.