Table 2.

Association Between Age and Sex and the pQCT Bone Parameters Over Time

	pQCT bone parameters
	Total vBMD (4%) (mg/cm3)	p	Trabecular vBMD (4%) (mg/cm3)	p	Total bone area 38% (mm2)	p
Model 1
Intercept	344.08		272.27		312.1
Age*	−1.42 ± 0.10	<0.0001	0.95 ± 0.12	<0.0001	0.30 ± 0.12	0.009
Time†	1.62 ± 0.94	0.08	−1.56 ± 1.38	0.26	−0.40 ± 1.76	0.82
Age × time	−0.07 ± 0.03	<0.0001	−0.02 ± 0.02	0.32	0.054 ± 0.028	0.05
Sex‡	10.78 ± 9.7	0.27	39.53 ± 11.4	0.0005	66.98 ± 14.72	<0.0001
Age × sex	0.40 ± 0.15	0.006	−0.20 ± 0.17	0.25	0.54 ± 0.22	0.01
Sex × time	−2.01 ± 1.38	0.15	−5.61 ± 1.98	0.005	7.71 ± 2.69	0.004
Age × time × sex	0.06 ± 0.02	0.02	0.10 ± 0.03	0.0015	−0.14 ± 0.042	0.0007
Model 2
Intercept			262.74
Age			0.87 ± 0.12	<0.0001
Time			16.16 ± 3.95	<0.0001
Age × time			0.16 ± 0.09	0.06
Age × time × time			0.03 ± 0.02	0.12
Time × time			2.95 ± 0.56	<0.0001
Sex			42.70 ± 12.50	0.0006
Sex × age			0.28 ± 0.19	0.13
Sex × time			16.99 ± 5.89	0.004
Sex × age × time			0.39 ± 0.11	0.0003
Sex × time × time			2.09 ± 0.80	0.009
Sex × age × time × time			0.05 ± 0.07	0.0017

* Age = age at enrollment.

^† Time = years since follow-up (range, 0–6 yr).

^‡ Sex = men: 1, women: 0.