Table 1.

Association between circulating concentrations of IL-1Ra and incident diabetes

Model	Covariables	Odds ratio (95% CI)	P
1	Age and sex	1.48 (1.21–1.80)	0.0001
2	Age, sex, and waist circumference	1.39 (1.11–1.74)	0.0038
3	Those for model 2 plus cardiovascular risk factors (cholesterol, fasting triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, smoking*, physical activity†, antihypertensive medication, and lipid-lowering medication)	1.34 (1.05–1.72)	0.021
4	Those for model 2 plus socioeconomic status (employment grade‡)	1.39 (1.10–1.75)	0.0059
5	Those for model 2 plus proinflammatory mediators (CRP and IL-6)	1.35 (1.06–1.70)	0.013
6	Those for model 2 plus fasting glycemia (fasting glucose and fasting insulin)	1.39 (1.05–1.86)	0.024
7	Those for model 2 plus 2-h glucose	1.24 (0.91–1.69)	0.17
8	Age, sex, waist circumference, and all covariables from models 3–6	1.43 (1.03–2.00)	0.034
9	Age, sex, waist circumference, and all covariables from models 3–7	1.20 (0.84–1.71)	0.32

Data are odds ratio (95% CI) given for a 1-SD increase of IL-1Ra concentrations unless otherwise indicated. IL-1Ra, triglycerides, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, and insulin entered the models as ln-transformed variables.

^*Smoking is coded in three classes (never smoked, former smoker, and current smoker).

^†Physical activity is coded in three classes (none/mild, moderate, and vigorous).

^‡Employment grade is coded in six classes running from 1 (highest grade) to 6 (lowest grade).