Table 1.
Baseline characteristics in subjects with and without the metabolic syndrome
| With metabolic syndrome | Without metabolic syndrome | P value* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 221 | 342 | |
| Age (years) | 69.5 (67.2, 72.5) | 70.4 (67.7, 72.7) | 0.150 |
| Previous CVD (%) | 28 | 28 | 0.883 |
| Current smokers (%) | 28 | 38 | 0.022 |
| Use of medication (%) | |||
| Statins | 26 | 28 | 0.697 |
| ACE inhibitors | 22 | 10 | <0.001 |
| Diabetes (%) | 29 | 6 | <0.001 |
| Impaired fasting glucose (%) | 56 | 32 | <0.001 |
| Treated hypertension (%) | 40 | 24 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.4 (26.6, 30.6) | 25.3 (23.5, 27.0) | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 104 (99, 109) | 95 (90, 99) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 2.0 (1.8, 2.5) | 1.3 (1.0, 1.6) | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.2 (1.0, 1.4) | 1.5 (1.3, 1.7) | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/l) | 6.3 (5.5, 7.0) | 6.4 (5.8, 7.0) | 0.107 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 152 (141, 164) | 146 (133, 159) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 85 (80, 92) | 82 (74, 90) | <0.001 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 6.1 (5.7, 6.8) | 5.4 (5.1, 5.8) | <0.001 |
| Homeostasis model assessment score | 5.4 (3.9, 7.3) | 3.7 (2.9, 4.6) | <0.001 |
| CRP (mg/l) | 3.64 (2.16, 6.53) | 2.88 (1.50, 5.82) | 0.013 |
| IL-18 (pg/ml) | 292 (231, 377) | 265 (202, 341) | 0.002 |
| IL-6 (pg/ml) | 1.61 (1.08, 2.62) | 1.45 (0.92, 2.41) | 0.047 |
| IL-8 (pg/ml) | 18.8 (15.0, 24.7) | 17.4 (13.6, 23.0) | 0.106 |
| IL-10 (pg/ml) | 1.39 (0.70, 3.64) | 1.74 (0.77, 3.98) | 0.194 |
| CD40L (pg/ml) | 57 (46, 74) | 52 (43, 65) | 0.003 |
| TNF-α (pg/ml) | 1.21 (0.82, 2.05) | 1.05 (0.77, 1.86) | 0.025 |
| MCP-1 (pg/ml) | 441 (393, 563) | 426 (355, 499) | 0.001 |
| Adiponectin (ng/ml) | 6,703 (4,371, 10,870) | 9,459 (6,167, 13,875) | <0.001 |
| PAI-1 activity (units/ml) | 18.8 (12.1, 27.6) | 11.4 (7.6, 18.2) | <0.001 |
Data are median values (25th, 75th percentiles).
*
P values refer to differences between groups.