Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants
| Women | Men | |
|---|---|---|
| n | 1,421 | 1,505 |
| Age (years) | 51 ± 9 | 48 ± 10 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.0 ± 5.9 | 28.3 ± 4.5 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 93 ± 15 | 100 ± 12 |
| Postmenopausal (%) | 46.2 | — |
| Hormone replacement therapy (%) | 22.9 | — |
| Education (%) | ||
| ≤11th grade | 0.8 | 1.6 |
| High school or equivalent degree | 22.8 | 17.9 |
| College grade/trade school | 33.2 | 27.0 |
| College grade/postgraduate | 43.1 | 53.4 |
| DGAI score* | 10.0 ± 2.6 | 8.5 ± 2.6 |
| PAI score† | 37 ± 6 | 38 ± 8 |
| Smoking (%) | ||
| Current | 12.3 | 13.0 |
| Former | 41.6 | 34.2 |
| Never | 46.1 | 52.8 |
| Smoking (pack-years) | ||
| Current | 26 | 28 |
| Former | 13 | 19 |
| Alcohol (drinks/week, %)‡ | ||
| 0 | 29.7 | 19.3 |
| <1 | 9.9 | 4.7 |
| 1 to <4 | 28.8 | 19.8 |
| 4–7 | 16.8 | 20.1 |
| >7–14 | 11.3 | 20.7 |
| ≥14 | 3.6 | 15.4 |
| SAT (cm3) | 3,137 ± 1,548 | 2,620 ± 1,212 |
| VAT (cm3) | 1,308 ± 813 | 2,160 ± 969 |
Data are means ± SD for continuous variables or percent for dichotomous and categorical variables.
*
Data only available for Offspring cohort (n = 925); scores range from 0–20 to points.
†
Scores range from 24 to 120 points.
‡
One drink is equivalent to 12 g of alcohol.