Table 2.

Sex-specific multivariable-adjusted mean difference in volumes of SAT and VAT per 1-SD increment in DGAI and PAI and least-squares mean volumes of SAT and VAT by smoking and alcohol categories

	Women		Men		P for sex interaction
	Multivariable-adjusted residual effect size*	P†	Multivariable-adjusted residual effect size*	P†
DGAI‡
SAT (cm3)	−232 (−375 to −88)	0.002	−217 (−339 to −95)	0.0006	0.87
VAT (cm3)	−139 (−222 to −57)	0.001	−243 (−353 to −132)	<0.0001	0.14
PAI
SAT (cm3)	−253 (−333 to −173)	<0.0001	−128 (−193 to −63)	0.0001	0.0002
VAT (cm3)	−100 (−140 to −60)	<0.0001	−85 (−133 to −37)	0.0006	0.05
	Least squares*	P§	Least squares*	P§	P for sex interaction
Smoking
SAT (cm3)
Current	2,976 ± 117	0.06	2,629 ± 88	0.02	0.46
Former	3,247 ± 63		2,743 ± 56
Never	3,081 ± 60		2,538 ± 44
VAT (cm3)
Current	1,393 ± 59	0.03	2,188 ± 66	0.005	0.10
Former	1,348 ± 32		2,262 ± 42
Never	1,250 ± 30		2,086 ± 33
Alcohol (drinks/week)
SAT (cm3)
Light/moderate‖	3,184 ± 44	0.006	2,622 ± 34	0.91	0.02
High	2,869 ± 106		2,612 ± 80
VAT (cm3)
Light/moderate‖	1,320 ± 22	0.18	2,139 ± 25	0.04	0.01
High	1,243 ± 53		2,272 ± 59

Data are mean difference (95% CI) or mean ± SEM.

^*Adjusted for age, menopause (women only), hormone replacement therapy (women only), smoking, alcohol, and education.

^†ANOVA P value.

^‡Data only available for Offspring cohort (n = 925).

^§Global P value.

^‖Light-to-moderate alcohol consumption (≤7 drinks/week for women and ≤14 drinks/week for men).