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. 2009 Mar;58(3):726–731. doi: 10.2337/db08-1158

TABLE 3.

Insulin sensitivity as determined by the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, and measures of insulin and glucagon secretion as obtained from the glucose-dependent arginine stimulation test (AIR1, slopeAIR, AIR3, and slopeAGR) in Caucasian postmenopausal women who had NGT at baseline and either maintained NGT throughout the 12-year study period or developed IGT after 3, 8, or 12 years

3-year test 8-year test 12-year test
n
    Group
        NGT 27 27 27
        Later IGT 18 4 0
        Manifest IGT 8 22 18
Insulin sensitivity (nmol · kg−1 · min−1 · pmol)
    Group
        NGT 86 ± 21 76 ± 18 73 ± 17
        Later IGT 75 ± 20* 62 ± 17† —
        Manifest IGT 66 ± 22 69 ± 16 64 ± 16
AIR1 (pmol/l)
    Group
        NGT 309 ± 32 382 ± 40 383 ± 42
        Later IGT 349 ± 38 360 ± 38 —
        Manifest IGT 388 ± 31 346 ± 35 362 ± 68
SlopeAIR (pmol/mmol)
    Group
        NGT 62 ± 5.8 70 ± 7.8 78 ± 6.2
        Later IGT 59 ± 4.9 62 ± 6.1 —
        Manifest IGT 56 ± 5.1 58 ± 5.6 52 ± 5.9
AIR3 (pmol/l)
    Group
        NGT 1,010 ± 138 1,095 ± 150 1,195 ± 130
        Later IGT 903 ± 156 991 ± 139 —
        Manifest IGT 896 ± 86 922 ± 101 886 ± 110
SlopeAGR (ng/mmol)
    Group
        NGT −5.9 ± 0.6 −5.2 ± 0.5 −5.0 ± 0.5
        Later IGT −5.1 ± 0.5* −4.3 ± 0.4* —
        Manifest IGT −3.1 ± 0.4 −3.2 ± 0.4 −3.1 ± 0.3

Data are means ± SE.

*

P < 0.05 and

†

P < 0.01 as probability level of random difference between the group with NGT and the group who later developed IGT. Number of individuals in each group shown in row 2.