TABLE 1.

Clinical characteristics of subjects

Type of diabetes	n	Age (years)	Sex (male/female)	Duration of diabetes (months)*	Treatment by insulin*
Autoimmune pancreatitis	15	66 (58–75)	14/1	—	8
Before PSL	12
After PSL	3
Chronic alcoholic pancreatitis	25	63 (53–70)	18/7	—	10
Pancreatic tumor	25	71 (63–73)	12/13	—	8
Cancer	8
IPMT	17
Fulminant type 1 diabetes	17	40 (28–53)	14/3		17
At onset†	13			0.76 ± 0.20
After onset	4			13.5 ± 2.38
Acute-onset type 1 diabetes	42	25 (23–33)	14/28	29.0 ± 45.0	42
At onset†	22			0.7 ± 0.9
After onset	20			51.0 ± 50.0
Type 2 diabetes	67	62 (58–65)	43/24	130 ± 91.0	37
Hashimoto's thyroiditis	47	60 (55–62)	6/41	—	—
Control subjects	100	47 (40–48)	59/41	—	—

Data are medians (95% CI) or means ± SD. PSL, prednisolone; IPMT, intraductal papillary mucinous tumor.

^*Duration from the onset of diabetes to the time of sample collection.

^†At onset; within 3 months after onset.