TABLE 1.

Characteristics of study participants in the TCPS, 2003–2005¹

	Case	Control	P-value
n (%)	764 (33)	1517 (67)
Age, y	59.6 (54.9, 65.2)	56.7 (51.7, 63.1)	<0.001
Female, %	23	44	<0.001
White, %	86	89	0.013
Study sites, %			<0.001
Veteran's Affairs	51	35
Academic	49	65
Reason for colonoscopy, %			0.120
Screening	52	52
Family history	10	13
Diagnosis/follow-up/bleeding/other	38	35
Education, %			<0.001
High school or less	66	55
College or higher	34	45
Household Income, %			<0.001
<30,000	38	25
30,0000 – <50,000	22	22
≥50,000	40	53
NSAID2 use, %			0.957
Current	52	54
Former	7	7
Never	41	39
Smoking status, %			<0.001
Current	28	12
Former	39	37
Never	33	51
Regular alcohol consumption, %			<0.001
Current	21	17
Former	28	23
Never	51	60
Regular physical activity past 10 y, %	50	58	<0.001
Family history of colorectal cancer, %	14	13	0.887
BMI, kg/m2	27.9 (24.7, 31.3)	27.3 (23.8, 30.9)	<0.001
Median dietary intake
Red/processed meat, servings/wk	1.74 (1.03, 2.81)	1.50 (0.80, 2.39)	<0.001
Total energy, kJ/d	6745 (5229, 8441)	6506 (5112, 8185)	0.064
Total fruit, servings/wk	6.7 (2.6, 12.5)	8.7 (4.0, 14.2)	<0.001
Total vegetable, servings/wk	23.0 (15.0, 33.2)	24.1 (16.4, 34.9)	0.029

¹Values are medians (interquartile range) or percent.

²NSAID, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug.