Table 1.
SB | Baseline ALI | Treatment | Lung injury | Time | Injury type | Mode | Inter-action | ||
RR, breaths per minute | HCl | + | 28.2 ± 3.4 | 45.3 ± 8.5b | a | a | a | ||
- | 28.4 ± 2.8 | 28.3 ± 3.2c | |||||||
OA | + | 29.2 ± 0.1 | 43.5 ± 6.7b | ||||||
- | 29.1 ± 1.8 | 29.2 ± 1.7c | |||||||
VT, mL | HCl | + | 326 ± 46 | 212 ± 28b | |||||
- | 303 ± 23 | 272 ± 20b | a | a | a | TMa | |||
OA | + | 317 ± 41 | 190 ± 19b | ||||||
- | 285 ± 52 | 260 ± 31b | |||||||
VT, sb, mL | HCl | + | n/a | 135 ± 20 | a | ||||
- | n/a | n/a | |||||||
OA | + | n/a | 95 ± 19d | ||||||
- | n/a | n/a | |||||||
VE, liters | HCl | + | 8.8 ± 1.1 | 8.6 ± 1.5 | a | a | a | ||
- | 8.5 ± 0.9c | 7.6 ± 1.1c | |||||||
OA | + | 9.1 ± 1.2 | 7.7 ± 1.2 | ||||||
- | 8.0 ± 1.0c | 7.4 ± 0.6c | |||||||
PaCO2, mm Hg | HCl | + | 40 ± 6 | 45 ± 9 | a | a | a | TMa | |
- | 42 ± 9 | 54 ± 13c | |||||||
OA | + | 41 ± 9 | 43 ± 10 | ||||||
- | 46 ± 10 | 54 ± 17c | |||||||
Ptransp, mean, mbar | HCl | + | 5.5 ± 3.0 | 5.5 ± 4.6 | a | a | a | ||
- | 6.8 ± 3.3 | 8.1 ± 3.4 | |||||||
OA | + | 2.1 ± 3.0 | 2.7 ± 3.4 | ||||||
- | 0.5 ± 3.2 | 3.1 ± 3.5 | |||||||
PEEPI, dyn, mbar | HCl | + | 0.0 ± 1.1 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | |||||
- | 0.7 ± 0.6 | 0.9 ± 0.9 | |||||||
OA | + | 0.0 ± 1.6 | 0.8 ± 0.5 | ||||||
- | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.0 ± 1.6 | |||||||
Ccw, mL/mbar | HCl | + | 89.3 ± 39.3 | n/a | a | ||||
- | 96.8 ± 34.9 | 115.5 ± 64.3 | |||||||
OA | + | 40.9 ± 14.8d | n/a | ||||||
- | 39.3 ± 11.2d | 49.5 ± 27.6d | |||||||
Clung, mL/mbar | HCl | + | 19.5 ± 4.0 | n/a | a | a | |||
- | 16.4 ± 8.4 | 13.5 ± 2.8 | |||||||
OA | + | 21.3 ± 4.7d | n/a | ||||||
- | 21.7 ± 8.3d | 16.2 ± 7.9d | |||||||
R, mbar/L per second | HCl | + | 7.0 ± 0.7b | n/a | a | a | |||
- | 7.5 ± 1.6b | 8.5 ± 2.8 | |||||||
OA | + | 8.5 ± 1.0b | n/a | ||||||
- | 9.0 ± 3.0b | 11.9 ± 2.7 | |||||||
EELV, mL | HCl | + | 606 ± 171 | a | a | ||||
- | 372 ± 130c | ||||||||
OA | + | 439 ± 90d | |||||||
- | 192 ± 51c, d |
Pre-acute lung injury (ALI) (Table S2 in additional data file 1) was tested only against baseline ALI. Post hoc testing was always performed if a significant F ratio for a factor or the interaction of factors was obtained by repeated measures analysis of variance (aP < 0.05), but only significant differences are marked: bP < 0.05 for within-group differences (ALI versus Treatment), cP < 0.05 for between-group differences (PCV + SB versus PCV – SB), and dP < 0.05 for between-group differences (HCl-ALI versus OA-ALI) (post hoc Tukey multiple comparison test). +, pressure-controlled ventilation with maintained spontaneous breathing; -, pressure-controlled ventilation without spontaneous breathing; Ccw, chest wall compliance; Clung, lung compliance; EELV, end-expiratory lung volume; HCl, hydrochloric acid-induced acute lung injury; M, mode; n/a, not applicable; OA, oleic acid-induced acute lung injury; PaCO2, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide; PCV + SB, pressure-controlled ventilation with spontaneous breathing; PCV – SB, pressure-controlled ventilation without spontaneous breathing; PEEPI, dyn, dynamic intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure; Ptransp, mean, mean transpulmonary airway pressure; R, respiratory system resistance; RR, respiratory rate; SB, spontaneous breathing; T, time; VE, minute ventilation; VT, tidal volume; VT, sb, tidal volume of spontaneous breaths.