Figure 2.

(Color online) Frequencies and growth rates of the first three eigenvalues [First (---); second (—); and third (-⋅-)] of the coupled fluid–structure system [Eq. 4] as a function of the jet velocity. The vertical line indicates the point of phonation onset. Straight glottal channel (α=0), model parameters specified in Eq. 5 were used. Only the flow stiffness term Q₀ of the three flow-induced terms was included [Eq. 4], and σ=0. Flow separation location (a and b) at z=1.0 (superior edge of the medial surface); (c and d) z=0.2 (inferior part of the medial surface); and (e and f) z=1.2 (superior surface).