Table 2. Signs and symptoms by organ system and severity category.

Organ system		Severity of symptoms
		Fatal	High	Moderate	Low
Gastrointestinal		Death	Massive haemorrhage Gut perforation 2nd or 3rd degree burns Severe dysphagia	Diarrhoea Vomiting Bloody stools Jaundice	Abdominal cramping Loss of appetite Nausea Oral irritation Constipation
Respiratory		Death	Cyanosis and respiratory depression Pulmonary oedema Respiratory arrest	Diffuse radiographic abnormalities Pleuritic chest pain Respiratory depression Bronchospasm Dyspnoea	Cough Airway irritation Rhinitis Sneezing
Nervous		Death	Coma Paralysis Seizure Stupor Widespread neurologic impairment	Confusion Hallucinations Blurred vision Ataxia Slurred speech Syncope Hearing loss Localized neuropathy/ paraesthesias	Hyperactivity Headache Profuse sweating Dizziness Tremor Tinnitus Drowsiness
Cardiovascular		Death	Bradycardia: HR < 40 adults, < 60 children, < 80 neonates Tachycardia: HR > 180 adults, > 190 children, > 200 neonates Cardiac arrest Myocardial infarction Shock	Bradycardia: HR 40–50 adults, 60–80 children, 80–90 neonates Tachycardia: HR 140–180 adults, 160–190 children, 160–200 neonates Chest pain Conduction disturbance Hypertension Hypotension	Isolated extrasystoles Mild transient hypertension
Metabolism		Death	Acid/base disturbance (pH < 7.15 or > 7.7) Severe electrolyte imbalance	Elevated anion gap Acidosis (pH 7.15–7.30) Alkalosis (pH 7.60–7.69)	Fever of short duration Mild hyperglycaemia
Renal		Death	Anuria Renal failure	Haematuria Oliguria Proteinuria	Polyuria
Muscular		Death	Muscle rigidity and rhabdomyolysis Compartment syndrome	Fasciculations Rigidity Weakness	Muscle weakness Muscle pain
Dermatologic		Death	Burns: 2nd degree > 50% total BSA Burns: 3rd degree of > 2% BSA	Bullae Burns: 2nd degree < 50% BSA Burns: 3rd degree of < 2% BSA	Oedema, swelling, Erythema, irritation Urticaria
Ocular		Death	Corneal ulcer Corneal perforation Loss of vision	Corneal abrasion Ocular burn Visual changes	Lacrimation Mydriasis Miosis Pain/ conjunctivitis
Other		Death	–	–	Fatigue Malaise

BSA, body surface area; HR, heart rate.
Based on references 22 and 30.