Table 1.

Apoptosis Induction of CAPE or MG-132 + Chemotherapeutic Agents.

Treatment	Apoptotic Index (%)	P
24 hours
CAPE + MG-132	1.00 ± 0.95	>0.05
CAPE + DOX	9.270 ± 0.88	>0.05
CAPE + VCR	22.75 ± 3.63	<0.05	*
MG-132 + DOX	2.34 ± 1.47	<0.05
MG-132 + VCR	25.32 ± 3.52	<0.001	***
DOX 0.5 µM	0.47 ± 0.16
VCR 0.25 µM	14.16 ± 3.28
CAPE 25 µg/ml	4.56 ± 1.77
MG-132 1 µM	1.16 ± 0.99
48 hours
CAPE + MG-132	17.78 ± 3.18	>0.05
CAPE + DOX	57.13 ± 3.92	<0.001	***
CAPE + VCR	52.02 ± 5.08	<0.001	***
MG-132 + DOX	54.69 ± 2.31	<0.001	***
MG-132 + VCR	55.29 ± 4.21	<0.001	***
DOX 0.5 µM	33.98 ± 0.08	<0.001
VCR 0.25 µM	28.51 ± 3.38	<0.001
CAPE 25 µg/ml	13.09 ± 3.05	<0.001
MG-132 1 µM	0.30 ± 0.01	<0.001

DOX or VCR plus NF-κB inhibitor combined treatment increased apoptosis induction in PL104 cells. Cells were treated with the different combinations for 24 and 48 hours, and apoptosis induction was analyzed afterward by acridine orange and EtBr staining.

^*p < 0.05.

^***p < 0.001.