TABLE 3.
Triacylglycerol concentrations in the studied populations comprising a total of 7730 individuals according to the 4 combined genotype groups for the rs780094 at the GCKR gene and −1131T→C and 56C→G single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the APOA5 gene by sex1
| Protective genotype (P) |
Intermediate (M1) |
Intermediate (M2) |
Risk genotype (R) |
P for trend, males | P for trend, females | |||||
| Males | Females | Males | Females | Males | Females | Males | Females | |||
| mg/dL | mg/dL | mg/dL | mg/dL | |||||||
| Greece | ||||||||||
| Harokopio Study | — | 80 ± 62,3 | — | 90 ± 8 | — | 90 ± 32 | — | 95 ± 53 | <0.001 | |
| (55) | (30) | (197) | (69) | |||||||
| Spain | ||||||||||
| EPIGEM | 107 ± 52 | 79 ± 42 | 111 ± 10 | 83 ± 7 | 112 ± 33 | 85 ± 2 | 129 ± 62,3 | 91 ± 42 | 0.003 | 0.016 |
| (general population) | (147) | (189) | (46) | (63) | (452) | (474) | (123) | (128) | ||
| PREDIMED-Valencia | 99 ± 102 | 108 ± 72 | 124 ± 17 | 110 ± 13 | 119 ± 73 | 117 ± 4 | 142 ± 122,3 | 126 ± 82 | 0.006 | 0.021 |
| (high-CVD risk) | (43) | (76) | (15) | (24) | (98) | (196) | (28) | (57) | ||
| United States | ||||||||||
| GOLDN Study | 101 ± 62–4 | 96 ± 62–4 | 137 ± 122 | 119 ± 112 | 125 ± 44,5 | 100 ± 44,5 | 142 ± 83,5 | 129 ± 83,5 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| (whites) | (148) | (153) | (38) | (41) | (247) | (277) | (73) | (84) | ||
| BPR-CPHHD | 130 ± 92 | 119 ± 62,3 | 131 ± 11 | 133 ± 72,4 | 141 ± 9 | 129 ± 65 | 162 ± 112 | 165 ± 73–5 | 0.030 | <0.001 |
| (Puerto Rican) | (64) | (178) | (51) | (116) | (66) | (181) | (45) | (107) | ||
| Singapore | ||||||||||
| SNHS-98 | 112 ± 52,3 | 83 ± 42,3 | 124 ± 52,4 | 90 ± 52 | 115 ± 35 | 83 ± 34 | 142 ± 33–5 | 93 ± 33,4 | <0.001 | 0.003 |
| (Chinese) | (156) | (192) | (156) | (178) | (361) | (452) | (345) | (418) | ||
| SNHS-98 | 137 ± 13 | 88 ± 112 | 145 ± 10 | 109 ± 12 | 142 ± 8 | 103.5 ± 9 | 157 ± 9 | 112 ± 82 | 0.022 | 0.003 |
| (Malays) | (50) | (62) | (55) | (50) | (105) | (98) | (99) | (105) | ||
| SNHS-98 | 137 ± 92,3 | 97 ± 8 | 159 ± 102 | 112 ± 9 | 145 ± 11 | 97 ± 10 | 174 ± 133 | 95 ± 12 | 0.012 | 0.806 |
| (Asian Indians) | (73) | (93) | (62) | (56) | (56) | (54) | (34) | (41) | ||
Values are adjusted means ± SEs; number of subjects within each subgroup in parentheses. Combined genotypes are as follows: P, homozygous subjects for the wild-type alleles for each SNP (CC rs780094 at the GCKR gene and TT −1131T→C APOA5 + CC 56C→G APOA5), n = 1679; M1, homozygous subjects for the wild-type allele at the GCKR rs780094 (CC) and carriers of the variant allele at one of the APOA5 SNPs (TC or CC at −1131T→C or CG or GG at 56C→G), n = 981; M2, carriers of the variant allele at the GCKR rs780094 (CT or TT) and homozygous for the common alleles at the APOA5 SNPs (TT −1131T→C + CC 56C→G), n = 3314; R, carriers of the variant allele for the GCKR rs780094 (CT or TT) and carriers of the variant alleles at one of the APOA5 SNPs (TC or CC at −1131T→C or CG or GG at 56C→G), n = 1756. EPIGEM, Epidemiología Genética y Molecular; PREDIMED, Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea; GOLDN, Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network; BPR-CPHHD, Boston Puerto Rican Health Study–Centers on Population Health and Health Disparities; SNHS-98, Singapore National Health Survey of 1998; CVD, cardiovascular disease. Statistical analyses were carried out after a log transformation and adjustment for covariates including age and BMI. P values for linear trend are shown for all cohorts. Post hoc Tukey's test was applied to compare means.
Same superscripts indicate P < 0.05 within each group (males or females) and population.