TABLE 1.
Participant characteristics by site1
| Nigeria | United States | P2 | |
| Age (y) | 31.9 ± 11.63 | 34.6 ± 10.6 | <0.05 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.1 ± 5.0 | 31.0 ± 7.7 | <0.01 |
| Fat-free mass (kg) | 40.38 ± 5.34 | 48.88 ± 8.48 | <0.01 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 17.90 ± 8.81 | 35.20 ± 15.29 | <0.01 |
| Total EE (MJ/d) | 9.49 ± 1.69 | 10.16 ± 1.81 | <0.01 |
| Resting EE (MJ/d) | 5.39 ± 0.67 | 5.82 ± 0.87 | <0.01 |
| Activity EE (MJ/d) | 3.15 ± 1.31 | 3.32 ± 1.14 | 0.14 |
| Adjusted total EE (MJ/d)4 | 9.90 ± 1.41 | 9.37 ± 1.18 | <0.01 |
| Adjusted resting EE (MJ/d)4 | 5.74 ± 0.43 | 5.47 ± 0.52 | <0.01 |
| Adjusted activity EE (MJ/d)4 | 3.37 ± 1.30 | 3.17 ± 1.06 | 0.28 |
| Physical activity level5 | 1.77 ± 0.27 | 1.75 ± 0.20 | 0.49 |
| Weight change (kg/y)6 | 0.61 ± 1.6 | 0.52 ± 2.7 | 0.75 |
1
Total n = 321 (149 Nigerian and 172 US women). EE, energy expenditure.
2
Comparison of mean values between the 2 cohorts (Student's t test).
3
Mean ± SD (all such values).
4
Corrected for fat-free mass and fat mass by using regression-based adjustment.
5
Physical activity level = total EE/resting EE.
6
Estimates of weight change obtained with a descriptive approach, ie, slope of weight over time; only individuals with ≥3 weight determinations were used for the slope estimation (n = 107 Nigerian and 127 US women).