TABLE 4.
ADJUSTED ODDS RATIOS OF INCIDENT RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS AT FOLLOW-UP SURVEY (SAPALDIA 2) AMONG SUBJECTS EXPOSED TO ETS AT FIRST SURVEY ONLY (SAPALDIA 1) AND AMONG SUBJECTS WITH CONTINUED EXPOSURE TO ETS (SAPALDIA 1 AND 2), ACCORDING TO BRONCHIAL HYPERREACTIVITY STATUS AT BASELINE (SAPALDIA 1)
| Effects in Subjects Exposed to ETS at SAPALDIA 1 Only
|
Effects in Subjects Exposed to ETS at SAPALDIA 1 and 2
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No BHR OR (95% CI) (n = 218) | BHR OR (95% CI) (n = 34) | No BHR OR (95% CI) (n = 106) | BHR OR (95% CI) (n = 19) | |
| Wheeze | 1.47 (0.74–2.94) | 1.15 (0.27–4.83) | 0.90 (0.32–2.51) | 1.53 (0.34–6.88) |
| Wheeze with dyspnea | 1.89 (0.74–4.78) | 1.35 (0.20–9.10) | 0.64 (0.12–3.28) | 2.27 (0.35–14.8) |
| Wheeze apart from cold | 1.49 (0.50–4.45) | 0.64 (0.05–8.54) | 0.66 (0.12–3.62) | 3.55 (0.69–18.4) |
| Cough | 0.91 (0.45–1.84) | 0.57 (0.12–2.83) | 1.62 (0.75–3.52) | 3.14 (0.83–11.9) |
| Phlegm | 0.91 (0.48–1.74) | 0.45 (0.05–3.83) | 1.07 (0.47–2.42) | 1.63 (0.31–8.65) |
| Dyspnea | 1.34 (0.79–2.28) | 1.71 (0.55–5.37) | 1.53 (0.79–2.98) | 10.5 (2.88–38.6)* |
| Chronic bronchitis | 0.72 (0.31–1.65) | 0.29 (0.03–2.52) | 0.77 (0.25–2.34) | 2.88 (0.72–11.5) |
Definition of abbreviations: BHR = bronchial hyperreactivity; CI = confidence interval; ETS = environmental tobacco smoke; OR = odds ratio.
For this analysis, only subjects who had performed a methacholine bronchoprovocation test are considered; subjects never exposed to ETS serve as the reference (n = 999). The p values refer to comparisons between subjects exposed to ETS at SAPALDIA 1 only or at SAPALDIA 1 and 2, and subjects never exposed to ETS. These comparisons were done separately for the nonhyperreactive and the hyperreactive subgroups. Odds ratios were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, region, education, nationality, atopy, parental atopy or asthma, occupational exposure, and FEV1 at baseline.
p < 0.001.