TABLE 2.
Data for Listeria species (including L. monocytogenes)- and L. monocytogenes-positive environmental samples obtained from different sampling materials over a 3-year period in a single dairy herd
| Sampled material | Total no. of samples | No. (%) of samples positive for:
|
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Listeria spp. | L. monocytogenes | ||
| Bedding | 15 | 4 (26.7) | 1 (6.7) |
| Birds/bird droppings | 11 | 2 (18.2) | 0 (0) |
| Manure composite | 123 | 31 (25.2) | 3 (2.4) |
| Other compositesa | 3 | 2 (66.7) | 1 (33.3) |
| Feed | 55 | 4 (7.3) | 1 (1.8) |
| Flies | 16 | 8 (50) | 2 (12.5) |
| Other insects | 5 | 2 (40) | 0 (0) |
| Source water | 13 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Drinking water for animals | 47 | 29 (61.7) | 14 (29.8) |
| Water (other)b | 13 | 5 (38.5) | 0 (0) |
| Other | 2 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Total | 303 | 87 (28.7) | 22 (7.3) |
a
Waste around a water trough and a feed bunk, and a composite of feral-animal feces that tested positive for L. monocytogenes in one of the silage bunkers.
b
Standing water, runoff silage water, and mud puddles.