Cytokine production of secondary effectors following intra-vaginal rechallenge. A, Representative staining showing IFN-γ+ TNF-α+ coexpressing cells in the ILN vs spleen. B and C, Production of IFN-γ and TNF-α by Ag-specific CD8 T cells. D, Viral titers in the ovaries on day 5 mice challenged intravaginally with 5 × 105 PFU vaccinia expressing the GP33–41 peptide of the LCMV glycoprotein. Gray bar represents naive mice; black bars are i.p. immune; and white bars are i.n. immune; n = 10–12 mice in each group;*, p < 0.5;***, p < 0.001.