Table 1.

Common factors in systems approaches to environment and health.

1. Explicit integration or consideration of the following in analyses:

(i) Multiple disciplinary perspectives (e.g., human and biophysical environments)

(ii) Nonproximal or qualitative factors affecting transmission (e.g., technology, economic development, public health measures)

(iii) Processes acting within, and across, multiple spatial, and temporal scales

(iv) Interactions, synergisms, and nonlinearity

2. Use of concept maps (or visual systems graphics) to frame and guide analyses