Table 2.
Anopheles species of Canada and their potential competence as malarial vectors.
| Mosquito species | Distribution in Canada | Vector competence as a potential reservoir for Plasmodium species |
|---|---|---|
| An. freeborni | British Columbia (BC) | Competent vector, particularly for P. vivax, believed to be the dominant vector of cases in the western USA |
|
| ||
| An. quadrimaculatus | Ontario (ON) | Competent vector for P. vivax and P. falciparum, believed to be the dominant vector of cases in the eastern USA |
| Quebec (QC) | ||
|
| ||
| An. punctipennis | British Columbia (BC) | Competent vector for P. vivax and P. falciparum, but not believed to be dominant vector for human incidence in the USA, possibly due to minimal preference for modern indoor environments |
| Manitoba (MB) | ||
| New Brunswick (NB) | ||
| Nova Scotia (NS) | ||
| Ontario (ON) | ||
| Quebec (QC) | ||
|
| ||
| An. walkeri | Manitoba (MB) | Vector competency doubtful; species believed to be of negligible or no importance as a vector of Plasmodium spp. |
| New Brunswick (NB) | ||
| Nova Scotia (NS) | ||
| Ontario (ON) | ||
| Quebec (QC) | ||
| Saskatchewan (SK) | ||
|
| ||
| An. barberi | Ontario (ON) | Competent vector of Plasmodium species, though considered to be of doubtful importance due to its limited contact with man |
| Quebec (QC) | ||
|
| ||
| An. earlei | All provinces & territories except Newfoundland and Labrador (NF) | Not known to be a competent vector |