Figure 1. Nuclear receptor activation by conjugated linoleic acid.
ER, endoplasmic reticulum; FABP, fatty acid binding proteins (molecular chaperone); PPAR, peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors; RXR, retinoid X receptors. CLA transactivates PPAR nuclear receptors, n-3 PUFA suppress NF-kB activation. All membranes incorporporate EPA, DHA and conjugated PUFA to different degrees.