Table 3. Summary of lens elasticity measurements.

Researcher	Method	Species (Age range)	Samples	Young's Modulus (Pa)
Fisher, 1971 [5]	Lens spinning	Human (0-67 years)	40	432-3634
Heys, 2004 [7]	DMA	Human (14-76 years)	18	145.5-7731
Weeber, 2005 [8]	DMA	Human (18-90 years)	39	533-950,000
Current study	AFM	Cynomolgus (4-10 years)	14	409-3210

The values provided for Fisher correspond to the polar elasticity of the whole lens, whereas the values provided for Heys et al. [7] and Weeber et al. [8] are for the lens cortex only.