(A) Permeability measurements were performed in the ex vivo differentiated NHBE treated with or without LT (1 µg/ml LF/PA), a three inhibitor combination (3INH / U0126, SB203580, JNKII) or catalytically inactive LT (1 µg/ml LF E687C/PA) for 48 h. (B–D) Polarized NHBE layers were treated for 1 h with KGF (250 ng/ml) or dexamethasone (10 µM) before LT (1 µg/ml) was added for 48 h. Layers were analyzed for resistance (B), permeability (C) and LDH release (D). Data (A–D) are represented as mean+/−SEM of 3 inserts/condition. The overall analysis of variance in A–D between all groups was highly significant: (A) F3,10 = 145.6, (B) F5,19 = 22.6, (C) F5,12 = 36.4, (D) F5,12 = 63.3, p<0.0001.